Cadmium Distribution in Tobacco Growing Soil Fractions: Its Influence on Dried Leaf Contents

Eduardo Ortega, Francisco Javier Lozano, Carlos Manuel Asensio, Sara Montoya, Maria Luisa Lorenzo

Department of Edaphology and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University Campus Cartuja, Granada, Spain.
Department of Edaphology and Agricultural Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain.
Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, College of Pharmacy, University of Granada, University Campus Car- tuja, Granada, Spain.

DOI: 10.4236/jep.2013.411B001                

Abstract

Many authors have studied cadmium concentrations in tobacco leaves. However, crops such as tobacco store Cd mainly in their leaves and these are for human consumption. The objective of this study is to establish the cadmium levels present in each of the soils fractions throughout the growing period of tobacco plants, and to examine the influence of these fractions on the total content cadmium in dried leaves. The field select is situated near ofGranadacity (soils from Vega de Granada) loamy calcareous thermic typic Xerorthent. The plant (Nicotiana tabacum, cvs. RJ36 variety), and the soil dedicated to the tobacco crop were contaminated with a fixed amount of Cd (100 mg/kg of CdCl₂) in the proximity of the root influence area. The contents of Cd are analysed in channel waters, in different soil fractions and dried tobacco leaves (mg/kg) with the different treatments. In conclusion, the water for irrigation is not a contamination risk for the soil even when user over lengthy periods of time. The fraction presenting higher average values is the one of Cd bound to CaCO₃ with 0.161 ppm, and the Cd bioavailable fractions is second in importance, and propose a Cd content sequence in fractions, higher to lower: Cd-Carbonates > Cd-Bioavailable > Cd-Organically bound > Cd-Exchangeable > Cd-Soluble.

Keywords

Cadmium Distribution; Tobacco Leaves

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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