Distribution patterns and relationship between elevation and the abundance of Aedes aegypti in Mojokerto city 2012

Zulfaidah Penata Gama, Nobukazu Nakagoshi, Madaniatul Islamiyah

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia.
Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation (IDEC), Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Japan.
Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation (IDEC), Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Japan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia.

DOI: 10.4236/ojas.2013.34A1003                

Abstract

Mosquitoes are one of the insects that have an important role as vectors of disease agents. The diseases transmitted by mosquitoes are still public health problems in Indonesia especially in East Java Province, for example, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). DHF is a very alarming disease because the occurrence of this epidemic is no longer just confined to certain geographic locations. At present, Mojokerto is a district in East Java region known as endemic for DHF in Indonesia. The number of cases in this district tends to rise and expand distributed. The spread pattern of dengue cases in this district is not certainly known. The aim of this research is to determine the distribution pattern of mosquitoes and its relationship between elevation and density of Aedes aegypti in the Mojokerto district that caused dengue virus transmission. Sampling was conducted at two locations in the Mojokerto district, in the urban and rural, namely Prajurit Kulon for urban and Dlanggu for rural. We used survey for mosquito larvae by WHO standard and for mosquito eggs by ovitrap. The coordinates of sampling locations are recorded using GPS and then identification of mosquitoes is performed at the Laboratory of Ecology and Animal Diversity, University of Brawijaya. Quantitative data were analyzed to determine the abundance, relative abundance, frequency, relative frequency and IVI (Importance Value Index). Mosquito distribution patterns were analyzed with Morisita index. The research findings indicated that there are five mosquitoes species consisted of Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes laniger, Culex bitaeniorchynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus. Aedes aegypti is the dominant species in urban area while Culex quinquefasciatus is the dominant species in rural area. Morisita index showed that mosquito dispersal on patterns in Mojokerto district is uniform. The elevation of the area and density of Aedes aegypti has a positive correlation.

Keywords

Aedes aegypti; Distribution Pattern; Elevation; Mojokerto

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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