Hybrid Power Systems Energy Controller Based on Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic

Emad M. Natsheh, Alhussein Albarbar

Advanced Industrial Diagnostics Centre, School of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU), Manchester, UK..

DOI: 10.4236/sgre.2013.42023                

Abstract

This paper presents a novel adaptive scheme for energy management in stand-alone hybrid power systems. The proposed management system is designed to manage the power flow between the hybrid power system and energy storage elements in order to satisfy the load requirements based on artificial neural network (ANN) and fuzzy logic controllers. The neural network controller is employed to achieve the maximum power point (MPP) for different types of photovoltaic (PV) panels. The advance fuzzy logic controller is developed to distribute the power among the hybrid system and to manage the charge and discharge current flow for performance optimization. The developed management system performance was assessed using a hybrid system comprised PV panels, wind turbine (WT), battery storage, and proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). To improve the generating performance of the PEMFC and prolong its life, stack temperature is controlled by a fuzzy logic controller. The dynamic behavior of the proposed model is examined under different operating conditions. Real-time measured parameters are used as inputs for the developed system. The proposed model and its control strategy offer a proper tool for optimizing hybrid power system performance, such as that used in smart-house applications.

Keywords

Artificial Neural Network; Energy Management; Fuzzy Control; Hybrid Power Systems; Maximum Power Point Tracker; Modeling

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Y. Wang, K. S. Chen, J. Mishler, S. C. Cho and X. C. Adroher, “A Review of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells: Technology, Applications, and Needs on Fundamental Research,” Applied Energy, Vol. 88, No. 4, 2011, pp. 981-1007. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.09.030
[2]	E. Dursun and O. Kilic, “Comparative Evaluation of Different Power Management Strategies of a Stand-Alone PV/Wind/PEMFC Hybrid Power System,” Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 34, No. 1, 2012, pp. 81-89. doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2011.08.025
[3]	C. Wang and M. H. Nehrir, “Power Management of a Stand-Alone Wind/PV/Fuel Cell Energy System,” IEEE Energy Conversion, Vol. 23, No. 3, 2008, pp. 957-967. doi:10.1109/TEC.2007.914200
[4]	N. A. Ahmed, M. Miyatake and A. K. Al-Othman, “Power Fluctuations Suppression of Stand-Alone Hybrid Generation Combining Solar Photovoltaic/Wind Turbine and Fuel Cell Systems,” Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 49, No. 10, 2008, pp. 2711-2719. doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2008.04.005
[5]	O. C. Onar, M. Uzunoglu and M. S. Alam, “Modeling, Control and Simulation of an Autonomous WT/PV/FC/ Ultra-Capacitor Hybrid Power System,” Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 185, No. 2, 2008, pp. 1273-1283. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.08.083
[6]	A. Tofighi and M. Kalantar, “Power Management of PV/ Battery Hybrid Power Source via Passivity-Based Control,” Renewable Energy, Vol. 36, No. 9, 2011, pp. 24402450. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2011.01.029
[7]	W. Zhou, C. Lou, Z. Li, L. Lu and H. Yang, “Current Status of Research on Optimum Sizing of Stand-Alone Hybrid Solar Wind Power Generation Systems,” Applied Energy, Vol. 87, No. 2, 2010, pp. 380-389. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.08.012
[8]	X. Li, L. Xu, J. Hua, X. Lin, J. Li and M. Ouyang, “Power Management Strategy for Vehicular Applied Hybrid Fuel Cell/Battery Power System,” Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 191, No. 2, 2009, pp. 542-549. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.01.092
[9]	C.-Y. Li and G.-P. Liu, “Optimal Fuzzy Power Control and Management of Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid Vehicles,” Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 192, No. 2, 2009, pp. 525-533. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.03.007
[10]	M. G. Villalva, J. R. Gazoli and E. R. Filho, “Comprehensive Approach to Modeling and Simulation of PV Arrays,” IEEE Power Electronics, Vol. 24, No. 5, 2009, pp. 1198-1208. doi:10.1109/TPEL.2009.2013862
[11]	E. M. Natsheh and A. Albarbar, “Photovoltaic Model with MPP Tracker for Stand-Alone/Grid Connected Applications,” IET Conference on Renewable Power Generation, Edinburgh, 6-8 September 2011, pp. 1-6. doi:10.1049/cp.2011.0205
[12]	H. D. Battista, R. J. Mantz and F. Garelli, “Power Conditioning for a Wind Hydrogen Energy System,” Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 155, No. 2, 2006, pp. 478-486. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.05.005
[13]	E. M. Natsheh, A. Albarbar and J. Yazdani, “Modeling and Control for Smart Grid Integration of Solar/Wind Energy Conversion System,” IEEE PES International Conference and Exhibition on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies, Manchester, 5-7 December 2011, pp. 1-8. doi:10.1109/ISGTEurope.2011.6162643
[14]	N. M. Souleman, O. Tremblay and L.-A. Dessaint, “A Generic Fuel Cell Model for the Simulation of Fuel Cell Power Systems,” IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting, Quebec, Montreal, 26-30 July 2009, pp. 1-8.
[15]	O. Tremblay, L.-A. Dessaint and A.-I. Dekkiche, “A Generic Battery Model for the Dynamic Simulation of Hybrid Electric Vehicles,” IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference, Arlington, 9-12 September 2007, pp. 284-289
[16]	E. M. Natsheh and A. Albarbar, “Solar Power Plant Performance Evaluation: Simulation and Experimental Validation,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 364, No. 1, 2012, pp. 1-13.
[17]	M. Negnevitsky, “Artificial Intelligence: A Guide to Intelligent Systems,” Addison Wesley, Boston, 2004.
[18]	MathWorks, “Documentation Center,” 2012. http://www.mathworks.co.uk/help/stateflow/gs/a-look-at-the-physical-plant.html