Days of “Zero” level geomagnetic activity accompanied by the high neutron activity and dynamics of some medical events—Antipodes to geomagnetic storms

Abstract

The links of many medical-biological events with high levels of geomagnetic activity (GMA) are widely discussed. In recent years, several medical phenomena were described in inverse distribution by time with GMA. Also a concurrent to GMA and solar activity force-cosmic ray activity (CRA) and closely related high energy neutron and proton fluxes are studied as a forces dominating at low GMA and solar activity in relation to considered medical events. The aim of this study was to explore the distribution of some important medical events on days with “Zero” GMA levels, accompanied by high CRA (neutron activity). Medical event data of the Grand Baku region (more than 3 mln inhabitants), Azerbaijan, with daily distribution on the time 1 Dec. 2002-31 Dec. 2007 was compared to daily GMA Kp indices in general (Kp > 0, 1837 days) and 34 days daily GMA indices Kp = 0. Daily CRA data was also compared using neutron monitoring data from two stations. Daily averaged data and their standard deviations on the mentioned GMA levels were compared and statistical significance was established. Results revealed a significant rise in the number of emergencies (n = 1,567,576) and total deaths number (n = 46,360) at the days of “Zero” GMA level. These days were accompanied by significant rise of CRA (neutron activity). For Sudden Cardiac Deaths (SCD, n = 1615) and cerebral stroke (CVA, n =10,054) the increase achieved strong trend to significance level. Acute Myocardial Infarction occurrence (morbidity) and trauma were also absolutely more registered at days with “Zero” GMA level, despite the small number of such days. The average Infection numbers show an inverse relationship with absolutely high registry at the “Zero” GMA level days. Study linking environmental physical activity levels and the human medical data shows that geomagnetic field variations accompanied by the increased level of cosmic ray activity, can have either direct or indirect adverse effects on human health and physiology, even when the magnitude of the geomagnetic field disturbance is extremely small or even is equal to zero. On days of “Zero” daily Kp indices describing Geomagnetic Activity, accompanied by high Cosmic Ray Activity (neutron activity), more medical emergencies and total death number (daily) occurred. Sudden Cardiac Deaths and Cerebral Stroke numbers show a strong trend to significant rise. Absolute increase of number of Acute Myocardial Infarction and less Infections, not achieving statistical significance, was also observed. These results are additional data for considering Cosmic Ray Activity (neutron activity) as an additional factor involved in time distribution of human medical events.

Share and Cite:

Stoupel, E. , Babayev, E. , Abramson, E. and Sulkes, J. (2013) Days of “Zero” level geomagnetic activity accompanied by the high neutron activity and dynamics of some medical events—Antipodes to geomagnetic storms. Health, 5, 855-861. doi: 10.4236/health.2013.55113.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] Phillips, K.J.H. (1995) Guide to the sun. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 400 p.
[2] Miroshnichenko, L.I. (2001) Solar cosmic rays. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, Springer, Berlin, 492 p.
[3] Wang, H. and Xu, R. (2002) Solar-terrestrial magnetic activity and space environment. COSPAR Colloquia Series, 14, 474.
[4] Song, P., Singer, H.J. and Siscoe, G.L. (2001) Space weather. American Geophysical Union’s Geophysical Monograph Series, 125, 440.
[5] Bothmer, V. and Daglis, I.A. (2006) Space weather: Physics and effects. Environmental Sciences, Springer Praxi Books, Berlin, 476 p.
[6] Crosby, N.B., Rycroft, M.J. and Tulunay, Y. (2006) Surveys in Geophysics, 27, 319. doi:10.1007/s10712-005-6204-3
[7] Daglis, I.A. (2001) Space storms and space weather hazards. NATO Science Series, II. Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 38.
[8] Koskinen, H., Tanskanen, E., Pirjola, R., et al. (2001) Space weather effects catalogue. ESA Space Weather Study (ESWS), ESTEC/Contract No. 14069/99/NL/SB.
[9] Palmer, S.J., Rycroft, M.J. and Cermack, M. (2006) Solar and geomagnetic activity, extremely low frequency magnetic and electric fields and human health at the earth’s surface. Surveys in Geophysics, 27, 557. doi:10.1007/s10712-006-9010-7
[10] Babayev, E.S., Crosby, N.B., Obridko, V.N. and Rycroft, M.J. (2012) Potential effects of solar and geomagnetic variability on terrestrial biological systems. In: Georgeta, M. and Crisan, D., Eds., Advances in Solar and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Research Signpost, India, 329-376.
[11] NOAA-USAF (1988) SESC glossary of solar-terrestrial terms. Boulder, Co., USA, 1-69.
[12] Barnothy, M.F. (1969) Biological effects of magnetic fields. Plenum Press, New York.
[13] Dubrov, A.P. (1978) The geomagnetic field and life— Magnetobiology. Plenum Press, New York.
[14] Ganelina, I.E. (1969) Sudden deaths in acute myocardial infarction and problems of reanimation. Clinical Medicine, 11, 111-119.
[15] Knox, E.G., Armstrong, E. and Lancashire, R. (1979) Heart attacks and geomagnetic activity. Nature, 281, 646-648. doi:10.1038/281564a0
[16] Stoupel, E., Kalediene, R., Petrauskiene, J., Starkuviene, S., Abramson, E., Israelevich, P. and Sulkes, J. (2011) Twenty years study of solar, geomagnetic, cosmic ray activity links with monthly deaths number (n-850304). Journal of Biomedical Science & Engineering, 4, 1-9.
[17] Stoupel, E. (2002) The effect of geomagnetic activity on cardio-vascular parameters. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 56, 247-256. doi:10.1016/S0753-3322(02)00299-8
[18] Stoupel, E., Wittenberg, C., Zabludovski, J. and Boner, G. (1995) Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in patients with hypertension on days of high and low geomagnetic activity. Journal of Human Hypertension, 9, 293-294.
[19] Stoupel, E. (1976) Forecasting in cardiology. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1-141.
[20] Stoupel, E., Babayev, E., Mustafa, F., Abramson, E., Israelevich, P. and Sulkes, J. (2007) Acute myocardial infarction occurrence: Environmental links—Baku 2003-2005 data. Medical Science Monitor, 13, BR175-BR179.
[21] Stoupel, E., Keret, R., Assa, S., Kaufman, H., Shimshoni, M. and Laron, Z. (1983) Secretion of growth hormone, prolactin and corticosteroids during different levels of geomagnetic activity. Neuroendocrinology Letters, 6, 365-368.
[22] Stoupel, E., Joshua, H. and Lahav, J. (1996) Human blood coagulation parameters and geomagnetic activity. European Journal of Internal Medicine, 7, 217-220.
[23] Stoupel, E., Zhemaityte, D., Drungeliene, D., Martinkenas, A., Abramson, E., et al. (2002) Klaipeda cardiovascular emergency aid services correlate with 10 cosmophysical parameters by time of occurrence. Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology, 225-227.
[24] Stoupel, E., Domarkiene, S., Radishauskas, R., Abramson, E., Israelevich, P. and Sulkes, J. (2006) Neutrons and sudden cardiac death (SCD) codes 121-125 ICD 10. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, 17, 45-53. doi:10.1515/JBCPP.2006.17.1.45
[25] Stoupel, E., Israelevich, P., Petrauskiene, J., Kalediene, R., Abramson, E., Gabbay, U., et al. (2002) Cosmic rays activity and monthly number of deaths: A correlative study. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, 13, 23-32. doi:10.1515/JBCPP.2002.13.1.23
[26] Stoupel, E., Abramson, E., Domarkiene, S., Shimshoni, M. and Sulkes, J. (1997) Space proton flux and the temporal distribution of cardiovascular deaths and suicide. International Journal of Biometeorology, 40, 113-116.
[27] Stoupel, E., Israelevich, P., Gabbay, U., Abramson, E., Petrauskiene, J., Kalediene, B., et al. (2000) Correlation of two levels of space proton flux with monthly distribution of deaths from cardiovascular disease and suicide. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, 11, 63-71. doi:10.1515/JBCPP.2000.11.1.63
[28] Stoupel, E. (1989) Clinical cosmobiology. Canadian Medical Meteorology Network, Bio-Electro-Magnetics Institute, 1.
[29] Stoupel, E., Shimshoni, M., Keret, R., et al. (1990) Solarterrestrial predictions. Proceedings of workshop at Leura, Australia, 16-20 October 1989, US air force geophysics laboratory, Bedford, Mass, USA. IPS Radio and Space Services, Chatswood, NSW-2057, Australia. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Co., USA, 152.
[30] Stoupel E, Domarkiene S, Radishauskas R, Abramson E, Sulkes J. Deaths from ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke on days of different levels of geomagnetic activity. Seminars Cardiol. 2003; 9(2):46-51.
[31] Stoupel, E. (2006) Cardiac arrhythmia and geomagnetic activity. Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal, 6, 49-53.
[32] Stoupel, E., Domarkiene, S., Radishauskas, R. and Abramson, E. (2002) Sudden cardiac death and geomagnetic activity: Links to age, gender and agony time. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, 13, 11-21. doi:10.1515/JBCPP.2002.13.1.11
[33] Stoupel, E., Babayev, E.S., Mustafa, F.R., Abramson, E., Israelevich, P. and Sulkes, J. (2006) Clinical cosmobiology—Sudden cardiac death and daily/monthly geomagnetic, cosmic ray and solar activity—The Baku Study (2003-2005). Sun and Geosphere, 1, 13-16.
[34] Stoupel, E., Kusniec, J., Mazur, A., Abramson, E., Israelevich, P. and Strasberg, B. (2008) Timing of life-threatening arrhythmias detected by implantable cardioverterdefibrillators in relation to changes in cosmophysical activity. Cardiology Journal, 15, 1-5.
[35] Stoupel, E., Domarkiene, S., Radishauskas, R., Bernotiene, G., Abramson, E., Israelevich, P., et al. (2004) Link between monthly rates of four subtypes of acute myocardial infarction and their corresponding cosmophysical activity parameters. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, 15, 175-184. doi:10.1515/JBCPP.2004.15.3-4.175
[36] Stoupel, E., Abramson, E., Israelevich, P., Sulkes, J. and Harell, D. (2007) Dynamics of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level and cosmophysical activity. European Journal of Internal Medicine, 18, 124-128. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2006.09.010
[37] Rittersma, S.Z., van der Wal, A.C., Koch, K.T., Piek, J.J., Henriques, J.P., Mulder, K.J., et al. (2005) Plaque instability frequently occurs days or weeks before occlusive coronary thrombosis. A pathological thrombectomy study in primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation, 111, 1160-1165. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000157141.00778.AC
[38] Solem, J., Levin, M., Karlsson, T., Grip, L., Albertsson, P. and Wiklund, O. (2006) Composition of coronary plaques obtained by directional atherectomy in stable angina: Its relation to serum lipids and statin treatment. Journal of Internal Medicine, 259, 267-275. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2006.01608.x
[39] Stoupel, E., Kalediene, R., Petrauskiene, J., Domarkiene, S., Radishauskas, R., Abramson, E., et al. (2004) Three kinds of cosmophysical activity: Links to temporal distribution of deaths and occurrence of acute myocardial infarction. Medical Science Monitor, 10, CR80-CR84.
[40] Wallaschofski, H., Lohmann, T., Hild, E., Kobsar, A., Siegemund, A., Spilcke-Liss, E., et al. (2006) Enhanced platelet activation by prolactin in patients with ischemic stroke. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 96, 38-44.
[41] Stoupel, E. (1980) Solar terrestrial predictions: Aspects for preventive medicine. In: Donnelly, R.F., Ed., Solarterrestrial predictions proceedings. NOAA Space Environment Laboratory, Silver Spring, G-29-G-40.
[42] Nias, A.H.W. (1998) An introduction to radiobiology. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., New York.
[43] Stoupel, E., Assali, A., Teplitzky, I., Israelevich, P., Abramson, E. and Sulkes, J. (2008) The culprit artery in acute myocardial infarction in different environmental physical activity. International Journal of Cardiology, 126, 288-290.
[44] Stoupel, E., Kalediene, R., Petrauskiene, J., Starkuviene, S., Abramson, E., Israelevich, P. and Sulkes, J. (2005) Suicide-homicide temporal interrelationship, links with other fatalities, and environmental physical activity. The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 26, 85-89. doi:10.1027/0227-5910.26.2.85
[45] Grisaru, M.J., Abarbanel, R. and Belmaker, H. (1995) Slow 3 magnetic stimulation of motor cortexand frontal lobe in depression and schizophrenia. Acta Neuropsychiatrica, 7, 521-523.
[46] Rohan, M., Parow, A., Stoll, A.L., Demopulos, L., Friedman, S. and Dager, S. (2004) Low-field magnetic stimulation in bipolar depression using an MRI-based stimulator. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 93-98. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.1.93
[47] Stoupel, E., Babayev, E.S., Shustarev, P.N., Abramson, E., Israelevich, P. and Sulkes, J. (2009) Traffic accidents and environmental physical activity. International Journal of Biometeorology, 53, 523-534. doi:10.1007/s00484-009-0240-5
[48] Stoupel, E., Tamoshiunas, A., Radishauskas, R., Benotiene, G., Abramson, E. and Israelevich, P. (2011) Neutrons and the plaque: AMI (n-8920) at days of zero GMA/ high neutron activity (n-36) and the following days and week. Kaunas, Lithuania, 2000-2007. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Cardiology, 12, 121-125.
[49] Stoupel, E, Assali, A., Teplitzky, I., Israelevich, E.P., Abramson, E., Sulkes, J. and Kornowski, R. (2008) The culprit artery in acute myocardial infarction in different environmental physical activity levels. International Journal of Cardiology, 126, 128-190. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.05.050
[50] Stoupel, E., Abramson, E. and Israelevich, P. (2011) Left anterior descending/right coronary arteries as culprit arteries in acute myocardial infarction (n = 2011) in changing physical environment, percutaneous coronary intervention data 2000-2011. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, 22, 91-96. doi:10.1515/JBCPP.2011.024
[51] Stoupel, E. (2012) Space weather and timing of cardiovascular events (clinical cosmobiology). Lambert Academic Publishing, 72 p.

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.