The Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm, Bangladesh waste contributes in emergence and spread of aminoglycoside-resistant bacteria

Sohel Ahmed, M. Ibrahim Hossain, Tareq Hossan, K. M. Rokibul Islam, orhan Uddin, M. Badier Rahman, M. Anwar Hossain

Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm (CCBDF), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

DOI: 10.4236/abb.2013.42A038                

Abstract

Aminoglycosides are one of the categories of antibiotics most frequently used in treating several cattle diseases at the Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm (CCBDF), Savar,Dhaka,Bangladesh. Untreated veterinary clinical healthcare waste (VCHW) of diseased cattle at CCBDF which directly disposed to surrounding may contribute to the antibiotic resistant bacteria pollution (ARB) pollution. The investigation analyses the role of VCHW of CCBDF in spreading ARB. Here we studied：1) veterinary clinical data and antibiotics treatment history; 2) total and resistant bacteria counts in fecal samples of healthy and diseased cattles as well as VCHW of CCBDF; and 3) finally, data analysis to estimate the burden of VCHW of CCBDF in the pollution of environment with aminoglycoside antibiotics resistant bacteria. The results conclusively demonstrate the spread of 3 different aminoglycoside antibiotics, namely genta- mycin, kanamycin and streptomycin resistant bacte- ria in the surrounding environment alarmingly with high significant value (p < 0.01 - 0.05). This study re- veals the risks to the cattle as well as public health posed by the random VCHW disposal at the CCBDF, Bangladesh.

Keywords

Aminoglycosides; Resistant Bacteria; Cattle Diseases; Veterinary Clinical Healthcare Waste

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Aarestrup, F.M. (1999) Association between the consumption of antimicrobial agents in animal husbandry and the occurrence of resistant bacteria among food animals. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 12, 279-285. doi:10.1016/S0924-8579(99)90059-6
[2]	Barbosa, T. and Levy, S.B. (2000b) The impact of antibiotic use on resistance development and persistence. Drug Resistance Updates, 3, 303-311. doi:10.1054/drup.2000.0167
[3]	Bradford, P.A., Peterson, P.J., Fingerman, I.M. and White, D.G. (1999) Characterization of expanded cephalosporin resistance in E. coli isolates associated with bovine calf diarrhoeal disease. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 44, 607610. doi:10.1093/jac/44.5.607
[4]	Davies, J.E., Roberts, M.C., Levy, S.B., Miller, G.H., O’Brien, T.F. and Tenover, T.C. (1999) Antimicrobial resistance: An ecological perspective. Report from colloquium held in San Juan, Puerto Rico. American Academy of Microbiology, Washington.
[5]	Paterson, D.L. (2002) Serious infections caused by enteric gram-negative bacilli—Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and implications for therapy of gram-negative sepsis in the transplanted patient. Seminars in Respiratory Infections, 17, 260-264. doi:10.1053/srin.2002.36446
[6]	Rupp, M.E. and Fey, P.D. (2003) Extended spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae: Considerations for diagnosis, prevention and drug treatment. Drugs, 63, 353-365. doi:10.2165/00003495-200363040-00002
[7]	Hanzawa, Y., Oka, C., Ishiguru, N. and Sato, G. (1984) Antibiotic resistant coliforms in the waste of piggeries and dairy farms. Japanese Journal of Veterinary Science, 46, 363-372. doi:10.1292/jvms1939.46.363
[8]	Owens, W.E., Nickerson, S.C., Boddie, R.L., Tomita, G.M. and Ray, C.H. (2001) Prevalence of mastitis in dairy heifers and effectiveness of antibiotic therapy. Journal of Dairy Science, 84, 814-817. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74538-9
[9]	Van Den Bogaard, A.E. and Stobberingh, E.E. (1999) Antibiotic usage in animals: Impact on bacterial resistance and public health. Drugs, 58, 589-607. doi:10.2165/00003495-199958040-00002
[10]	Winokur, P.L., Voinstein, D.L., Hoffman, L.J. and Doern, G.V. (2001) Evidence for transfer of CMY-2 AmpC ?lactamase plasmids between Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolates from food animals and humans. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 45, 2716-2722. doi:10.1128/AAC.45.10.2716-2722.2001
[11]	Ferber, D. (2002) Livestock feed ban preserves drugs’ power. Science, 295, 27-28. doi:10.1126/science.295.5552.27a
[12]	CLSI, (2009) Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute), Wayne.
[13]	John, P.H. (2005) Laboratory exercises in microbiology. McGraw-Hill, New York.