Assessment cultivated period and farm yard manure addition on some soil properties, nutrient content and wheat yield under sprinkler irrigation system

Abstract

This study examined changes in some soil hydrophysical, chemical properties and wheat yield (grain; straw yield, N, P, K, Protein and carbohydrates contents) as trends under two cultivated period 10 and 25 year and Farm Yard manure (FYM) addition under sprinkler irrigation system on a newly reclaimed soils, Nubaria, Beheira Governorate, Egypt. Obtained results noticed that cultivation period has more pronounced effect than FYM addition on soil water content at field capacity, wilting point and available water with increase percent 15.1%, 9.3%; 19.0% and 25.7%, 19.5% and 30.0% for FYM and cultivation period comparing with control one. Hydraulic conductivity values were strongly affected by cultivation period and FYM addition and significantly decreased values by about 18.9% and 12.1% in same sequences. Wheat straw content from protein had a superior effect under 25 than 10 years cultivated periods with values 61.9 and 6.7 comparing with control, respectively as affected by FYM addition, while FYM alone improved protein content in straw by about 31.9% comparing with untreated one. Slightly increase in straw protein content was attained relative to the increase of cultivated period by about 7.8%. Nutrients content in grain is more than FYM, where the increase percentage were 5.2%, 13.5%; 3.8% and 26.5, 21.3; 22.6 comparing cultivated periods 25 with 10 years and FYM addition with control, respectively. FYM individually under two studied cultivated periods is more effective under 10 years (28.0%, 25.2%; 15.1%) than the 2nd one (25.1%, 25.2%; 15.1%) comparing with untreated FYM plots. While N, P and K content in wheat straw had unclear trend and the increase were 6.8, 23.23; 56.5% and 62.9, 6.0; 29.8 as a result of FYM addition under 10 and 25 years cultivated periods, respectively. The highest values of protein and carbohydrates content in wheat grains as affected by studied factors were 12.86% and 67.43%) were obtained under cultivated period 25 years after FYM addition. Cultivated periods had a highly significant effect on the field water use efficiency values of grain more than the effect of FYM. The highest values of grain and straw yield were recorded at 10 years cultivated periods + treated FYM (2966.8 kg/fed) and 25 years cultivated periods treated with FYM (3835.6 kg/fed). Cultivated periods increased grain and straw yield of wheat crop by about 57.6% and 8.3%. Whereas, FYM increased grain and straw yield by about 39.8% and 58.8% relative to the control, respectively.

Share and Cite:

Eldardiry, E. , Hellal, F. , Mansour, H. and Hady, M. (2013) Assessment cultivated period and farm yard manure addition on some soil properties, nutrient content and wheat yield under sprinkler irrigation system. Agricultural Sciences, 4, 14-22. doi: 10.4236/as.2013.41003.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] Lal, R. (2007) Anthropogenic influences on world soils and implications to global food security. Advances in Agronomy, 93, 69-93. doi:10.1016/S0065-2113(06)93002-8
[2] Yassen, A.A., Khaled, S.M. and Sahar, M.Z. (2010) Response of wheat to different rates and ratios of organic residues on yield and chemical composition under two types of soil. Journal of American Science, 6, 858-864.
[3] Franzluebbers, A.J. and Stuedemann, J.A. (2008) Early response of soil organic fractions to tillage and integrated crop-livestock production. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 72, 613-625. doi:10.2136/sssaj2007.0121
[4] Fliessbach, A., Roland, H., Daneil, R., Robert, F. and Frank, E. (2000) Soil organic matter quality and soil aggregates stability in organic and conventional soil. http://orgrints.org/00002911/
[5] Dalal, R.C. and Mayer, R.S. (1986) Longterm trends in fertility of soils under continuous cultivation and cereal cropping in South Western Queensland, I overall changes in soil properties and trends in winter cereal yields. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 24, 265-279. doi:10.1071/SR9860265
[6] Enke, Li., Changrong, Y., Xu-rong, M., Wenqing, H., Bing, S.H., Linping, D., Qin, L., Shuang, L. and Tinglu, F. (2010) Long term effect of chemical fertilizer, straw, and manure on soil chemical and biological properties in northwest China. Geoderma, 158, 173-180. doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.04.029
[7] Franzleubbers, A.J. (2002) Soil Organic manure stratification ratio as an indicator of soil quality. Soil & Tillage Research, 66, 95-106. doi:10.1016/S0167-1987(02)00018-1
[8] Phocaides, A. (2000) Technical hand book on pressurized irrigation techniques, food and agriculture organization of the United Nations. Rome.
[9] Abd El-Kader, A.A., Shaaban, S.M. and Abd El-Fattah, M.S. (2010) Effect of irrigation levels and organic compost on okra plants (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) grown in sandy calcareous soil. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 1, 225-231. doi:10.5251/abjna.2010.1.3.225.231
[10] Rebecca, B. (2004) Soil survey laboratory methods manual. Soil Syrvey Investigations Report No. 42, Natural Resources Conservation Services.
[11] Klute, A. (1986) Water retention: Laboratory methods. In: Klute, A., Ed., Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1, Physical and Mineralogical Methods, ASA and SSSA, Madison, 635-662.
[12] Klute, A. and Dirksen, A. (1986) Hydraulic conductivity. In: Klute, A., Ed., Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1, Physical and Mineralogical Methods, ASA and SSSA, Madison, 678-734.
[13] Faithfull, N.T. (2002) Methods in agricultural chemical analysis. A practical handbook. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, 84-95. doi:10.1079/9780851996080.0000
[14] Yemm, E.W. and Willis, A.J. (1954) The estimation of carbohydrates in plant extracts by anthrone. Biochemistry, 57, 508-514.
[15] Allen R.G., Pereira, L.S., Raes, D. and Smith, M. (1998) Crop evapotrans-piration—Guidelines for computing crop water requirements—FAO irrigation and drainage paper 56. FAO—Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
[16] Israelsen, O.W. and Hansen, V.E. (1962) Flow of water into and through soils. Irrigation principles and practices. 3rd Edition, John Willey and Sons, Inc., New York.
[17] Michael, A.M. (1978) Irrigation theory and practice. Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi.
[18] SAS Institute (2001) SAS statistics users’ guide. Release 8.2. SAS Institute, Cary.
[19] Dalal, R.C. (1982) Organic matter content in relation to the period of cultivation and crop yields in some subtropical soils. 12th International Soil Science Congress, 6, 59.
[20] Saeed, A.B. and Eissa, H.Y. (2002) Influence of tillage on some properties of heavy cracking clay soils and sorghum yield in the mechanized rainfed agriculture. The Journal of Agricultural Science, 10, 267-276.
[21] Schumacher, T.E., Lindstrom, M.J.L., Eynard, A. and Malo, D.D. (2000) Tillage system effects on soil structure in the Upper Missouri river basin. Proceedings of the 15th Conference of ISTRO, Fort Worth, Dallas, 2-7 July 2000.
[22] Kladivko, E.J. (2001) Tillage systems and soil ecology. Soil & Tillage Research, 61, 61-76. doi:10.1016/S0167-1987(01)00179-9
[23] Mubarak, A.R. and Rosenani, A.B. (2003) Soil organic manure fractions in the humid tropics as influenced by application of crop residues. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 34, 933-943. doi:10.1081/CSS-120019100
[24] Randall, G.W. and Iragavarapa, T.K. (1995) Impact of longterm tillage systems for continuous corn on nitrate leaching to tile drainage. Journal of Environmental Quality, 24, 360-366. doi:10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400020020x
[25] Kay, B.D. and Vanden Bygaart, A.J. (2002) Conservation tillage and depth stratification of porosity and soil organic matter. Soil & Tillage Research, 66, 107-118. doi:10.1016/S0167-1987(02)00019-3
[26] Tawfik, M.M. and Gomaa, A.M. (2005) Effect of organic and biofertilizer on growth and yield of wheat plants. Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 2, 711-725.
[27] Hellal, F.A., Abd El-Hady, M. and Ragab, A.A.M. (2009) Influence of organic amendments on nutrient availability and uptake by faba bean plants fertilizered by rock phosphate and feldspar. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 6, 271-279.
[28] EL-Gindy, A.M. and Abdel-Aziz, A.A. (2003) Maximizing water use efficiency of maize crop in sandy soils. Annals of Agricultural Sciences, 11, 439-452.
[29] Abbas, G., Hussain, A., Ahmad, A. and Wajid, S.A. (2005) Water use efficiency of maize as affected by irrigation schedules and nitrogen rates. Journal of Agriculture and Social Sciences, 1, 339-342.

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.