Transient Hydraulic Performance and Numerical Simulation of a Centrifugal Pump with an Open Impeller during Shutting Down

Yuliang Zhang, Zuchao Zhu, Yingzi Jin, Baoling Cui

The Province Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.
The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

DOI: 10.4236/ojfd.2012.24A044                

Abstract

In this paper, the transient behavior of a low specific speed centrifugal pump with straight blades during shutting down is studied through the experimental test, theoretical calculation, and numerical simulation. The variations of the rota- tional speed, flow rate, and head with time are obtained in experiment. Based on the experimental results of the rota- tional speed and flow rate, the additional theoretical heads are quantitatively calculated and analyzed. The experimental results of the rotational speed and flow rate are worked as the boundary conditions to accurately accomplish the nu- merical simulation of the transient flow during shutting down. The experimental results show that the decrease history of the flow rate evidently lags behind that of the rotational speed, while the rotational speed slightly lags behind the head. Theoretical analysis shows that there exists a clear negative head impact phenomenon in the process of stopping. The transient behavior of the centrifugal pump with straight blades mainly comes from the rotation deceleration of im- peller, and has nothing to do with the fluid deceleration. The numerical simulations show that a large area backflow can be seen when the rotational speed decreases to zero due to the flowing inertia. In conclusion, the numerical simulation of the flow field is in good agreement with the internal flow theory of centrifugal pumps.

Keywords

Centrifugal Pump; Straight Blade; Shut Down; Negative Impulsion; Flow Inertia

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	H. Tsukamoto and H. Ohashi, “Transient Characteristics of a Centrifugal Pump during Starting Period,” ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 104, No. 1, 1982, pp. 6-13. doi:10.1115/1.3240859
[2]	P. J. Lefebvre and W. P. Barker, “Centrifugal Pump Performance during Transient Operation,” ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 117, No. 1, 1995, pp. 123-128. doi:10.1115/1.2816801
[3]	K. Farhadi, A. Bousbia-salah and F. D’Auria, “A Model for the Analysis of Pump Start-Up Transients in Tehran Research Reactor,” Progress in Nuclear Energy, Vol. 49, No. 7, 2007, pp. 499-510. doi:10.1016/j.pnucene.2007.07.006
[4]	P. Thanapandi and R. Prasad, “Centrifugal Pump Transient Characteristics and Analysis Using the Method of Characteristics,” International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 37, No. 1, 1995, pp. 77-89. doi:10.1016/0020-7403(95)93054-A
[5]	A. Dazin, G. Caignaert and G. Bois, “Transient Behavior of Turbomachineries: Applications to Radial Flow Pump Startups,” ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 129, No. 11, 2007, pp. 1436-1444. doi:10.1115/1.2776963
[6]	S. Duplaa, O. Coutier-Delgosha, A. Dazin, et al., “Experimental Study of a Cavitating Centrifugal Pump during Fast Startups,” ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 132, No. 2, 2010, Article ID: 021301.
[7]	W. Chen, X. W. Ke, D. Z. Wu, et al., “Analysis on Transient Performance of Mixed Flow Pump During Stopping Period,” Fluid Machinery, Vol. 34, No. 12, 2006, pp. 1-4.
[8]	H. Tsukamoto, S. Matsunaga and H. Yoneda, “Transient Characteristics of a Centrifugal Pump during Stopping Period,” ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 108, No. 4, 1986, pp. 392-399. doi:10.1115/1.3242594
[9]	J. S. Chang, “Transients of Hydraulic Machine Installations,” Higher Education Press, Beijing, 2005.