Potential Hazard Map for Disaster Prevention Using GIS-Based Linear Combination Approach and Analytic Hierarchy Method

Szu-Hsien Peng^*, Meng-Ju Shieh, Shih-Yi Fan

Department of Spatial Design, Chienkuo Technology University, Changhua City, Chinese Taipei.
Economic Affairs Department, Changhua County Government, Changhua City, Chinese Taipei.
Department of Spatial Design, Chienkuo Technology University, Changhua City, Chinese Taipei.

DOI: 10.4236/jgis.2012.45046                

Abstract

In recent years, global warming has gradually become obvious, thus created the climate change. Typhoon Morakot attacked Taiwan and brought heavy rainfall in August, 2009. In mountainous areas including Central and South Taiwan, the flood and debris flow disasters were induced by the typhoon. In this study, Changhua City is selected as the research region and the Delphi method is employed to interview experts and establish comprehensive evaluation criteria for assessing the evacuation plan on disaster areas. The concept is to combine the landslide potential analysis by geographic information systems with the flood or debris flow maps into the potential hazard map. Meanwhile, analytic hierarchy method (AHP) is comprehensively carried on the expert questionnaire survey for the potential hazard map of the compound disaster states. It should be useful for the local government and native people in the future.

Keywords

Geographic Information Systems; Potential Hazard Map; Analytic Hierarchy Method (AHP)

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Water Resources Agency, “Hydrological Analysis Report of Typhoon Morakot,” Presentation Document of Water Resources Agency, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taiwan, 2009. (In Chinese)
[2]	S. C. Chen, J. W. Ferng, Y. T. Wang, T. Y. Wu and J. J. Wang, “Assessment of Disaster Resilience Capacity of Hillslope Communities with High Risk for Geological Hazards,” Engineering Geology, Vol. 98, No. 3-4, 2008, pp. 86-101. doi：10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.01.008
[3]	F. Guzzetti, F. Ardizzone, M. Cardinali, M. Galli, P. Reichenbach and M. Rossi, “Distribution of Landslides in the Upper Tiber River Basin, Central Italy,” Geomorphology, Vol. 96, No. 1-2, 2008, pp. 105-122. doi：10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.07.015
[4]	A. Al-Hanbali, B. Alsaaideh and A. Kondoh, “Using GIS-Based Weighted Linear Combination Analysis and Remote Sensing Techniques to Select Optimum Solid Waste Disposal Sites within Mafraq City, Jordan,” Journal of Geographic Information System, Vol. 3 No. 4, 2011, pp. 267-278. doi：10.4236/jgis.2011.34023
[5]	R. Raaijmakers, J. Krywkow and A. van der Veen, “Flood Risk Perceptions and Spatial Multi-criteria Analysis: an Exploratory Research for Hazard Mitigation,” Natural Hazards, Vol. 46, 2008, pp. 307-322. doi：10.1007/s11069-007-9189-z
[6]	S. Karmakar, S. Simonovic, A. Peck and J. Black, “An Information System for Risk-Vulnerability Assessment to Flood,” Journal of Geographic Information System, Vol. 2 No. 3, 2010, pp. 129-146. doi：10.4236/jgis.2010.23020
[7]	H. de Moel and J. C. J. H. Aerts, “Effect of uncertainty in land use, damage models and inundation depth on flood damage estimates,” Natural Hazards, Vol. 58, 2011, pp. 407-425. doi：10.1007/s11069-010-9675-6
[8]	A. Gharagozlou, H. Nazari and M. Seddighi, “Spatial Analysis for Flood Control by Using Environmental Modeling,” Journal of Geographic Information System, Vol. 3 No. 4, 2011, pp. 367-372. doi：10.4236/jgis.2011.34035
[9]	T. L. Saaty, “The Analytic Hierarchy Process,” McGraw-Hill Press, New York, 1980.
[10]	T. L. Saaty, “Decision Making for Leaders-the Analytic Hierarchy Process for Decisions in a Complex World,” RWS Publications Press, Pittsburgh, 1990.
[11]	F. Steiner, “The Living Landscape: an Ecological Approach to Landscape Planning,” McGraw-Hill Press, New York, 2000.
[12]	Y. Meng, J. Malczewski and S. Boroushaki, “A GIS-Based Multicriteria Decision Analysis Approach for Mapping Accessibility Patterns of Housing Development Sites: A Case Study in Canmore, Alberta,” Journal of Geographic Information System, Vol. 3 No. 1, 2011, pp. 50-61. doi：10.4236/jgis.2011.31004
[13]	K. Bhattarai and D. Conway, “Urban Vulnerabilities in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: Visualizations of Human/Hazard Interactions,” Journal of Geographic Information System, Vol. 2 No. 2, 2010, pp. 63-84. doi：10.4236/jgis.2010.22012
[14]	D. Nevo and Y. E. Chan, “A Delphi Study of Knowledge Management Systems: Scope and Requirements,” Information & Management, Vol. 44, No. 6, 2007, pp. 583-597. doi：10.1016/j.im.2007.06.001
[15]	R. Garcia, J. L. López, M. Noya, M. E. Bello, M. T. Bello, N. González, G. Paredes, M. I. Vivas and J. S. O'Brien, “Hazard Mapping for Debris Flow Events in the Alluvial Fans of Northern Venezuela,” In: Rickenmann, D & Chen, C., Ed., Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Debris-Flow Hazards Mitigation: Mechanics, Prediction and Assessment, Davos, 2003, pp. 589-599.
[16]	R. Garcia and J. L. Lopez, “Debris Flows of December 1999 in Venezuela,” In: Jakob, Matthias, Hungr & Oldrich, Ed., Debris-flow Hazards and Related Phenomena, Springer Verlag Praxis, Berlin, 2005, pp. 519-538.