Musculoskeletal Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Honoré Ntsiba, Madeleine Ngandeu-Singwé, Akoli-Ekoya Ondzala

Rheumatology Department of Brazzaville University Teaching Hospital, Congo.
Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroun.

DOI: 10.4236/ojra.2012.22007                

Abstract

Objective: To describe clinical, paraclinical and evolution’s spectrum of musculoskeletal infections in patients with human immunodeficiency virus. Methods: Descriptive and analytical cross-study carried out on the file of 23.5% presented a musculoskeletal infection among 85 who were infected with human immunodeficiency virus and hospitalized in the Rheumatology Department of Brazzaville Teaching Hospital during 3 years. Results: 7 males and 13 females all HIV/AIDS infected, average age of 35.2 years, extremes 18 - 68 years. Patients were at C and B stages of CDC Atlanta 1993 classification. We found 7 Pott’s diseases, 7 septic arthritis and 6 pyomyositis. Pott’s disease affected the lumbar spine in 4 cases, dorsolumbar curve 2 times, dorsal spine once and was complicated by paraplegia in 4 cases. Septic arthritis was exclusively localized at the knee, and myositis was located in the thigh in 3 cases, arm in 2 cases, and buttock in 2 cases, with multifocal localization in 2 cases. The most frequently isolated germ was staphylococcus aureus; this was isolated 5 times at the knee and thrice in the muscle. The evolution was favorable under antibiotic therapy with recovery periods longer than that in the HIV negative patients. Conclusion: Musculoskeletal infections of HIV related patients have a profile which appears comparable to the immunocompetent patients. Pott’s disease affected dorsal and lumbar spine, complicated by paraplegia. Septic arthritis is located on the knee and pyomyositis are frequent with unusual and multifocal localizations. The bacterial ecology is dominated by staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The recovery is longer in these patients.

Keywords

Infection; Musculoskeletal; HIV/AIDS

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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