Glass Marking with CO₂ Laser: Experimental Study of the Interaction Laser - Material

Pascal Deprez, Ciprian-Florin Melian, Florin Breaban, Jean-Francois Coutouly

.

DOI: 10.4236/jsemat.2012.21006                

Abstract

Laser marking is a laser processing technology used in many fields of industry like automotive [1], aerospace [2], microelectronic [3] and medecine [4]. CO2 laser is an appropriate source for marking glasses [5]. Compared to the other techniques of marking, the principal advantages of the use of the laser are: made inalterable, high degree of accuracy and the smoothness of the features, the possibility of marking at difficult to reach places, and the fact of being able to mark fragile materials like ceramic and glass [6]. In this experimental work, the influence of marking parameters like interaction time laser-glass, laser power, shooting time etc. on the micromarking precision are reported. A “melt” depth prediction model has been established.

Keywords

Laser; Glass; Marking; Experimental Design

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	J. H. Abloud, K. Y. Benyounis, A. G. Obabi and M. S. J. Hashmi, “Laser Surface Treatments of Iron-Based Sub- strates for Automotive Application Original Research Article,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 182, No.1-3, 2007, pp. 427-431. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.08.026
[2]	C. Y. Yeo, S. C. Tam, S. Jana and M. W. S. Lau, “A Technical Review of the Laser Drilling of Aerospace Materials,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 42, No. 1, 1994, pp. 15-49. doi:10.1016/0924-0136(94)90073-6
[3]	O. Mende and D. Niggemeyer, “A Multifunctional Laser Linking and Cutting Structure for Microelectronic Circuits,” Applied Surface Science, Vol. 168, No. 1-4, 2000, pp. 280-283. doi:10.1016/S0169-4332(00)00624-3
[4]	D. G. Waugh, J. Lawrence, C. D. Walton and R. B. Zakaria, “On the Effects of Using CO2 and F2 Lasers to Modify the Wettability of a Polymeric Biomaterial,” Optics & laser Technology, Vol. 42, No. 2, 2010, pp. 347- 356. doi:10.1016/j.optlastec.2009.08.004
[5]	Th. Dumont, T. Lippert, A. Wokaun and P. Leyvraz, “Laser Writing of 2D Data Matrices in Glass,“ Thin Solid Films, Vol. 453-454, No. 1, 2004, pp. 42-45. doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2003.11.148
[6]	Y. Md. Noor, S. C. Tam, L. E. N. Lim and S. Jana, “A Review of the Nd: YAG Laser Marking of Plastic and Ceramic IC Packages,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 42, No. 1, 1994, pp. 95-133.
[7]	S. Iftekhar, J. Grins and M. Edén, “Composition—Pro- perty Relationships of the La2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 Glass System,” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Vol. 356, No. 20-22, 2010, pp. 1043-1048. doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2010.01.017
[8]	A. Nishara Begum, V. Rajendran and H. Yl?nen, “Effect of Thermal Treatment on Physical Properties of Bioactive Glass,” Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 96, No. 2-3, 2006, pp. 409-417. doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2005.07.031
[9]	S. Shuttleworth, “Optimisation of Laser Wavelength in the Ablation Sampling of Glass Materials,” Applied Surface Science, Vol. 96-98, 1996, pp. 513-517. doi:10.1016/0169-4332(95)00505-6
[10]	V. Kozhukharov, D. Dimitrov and D. Tonchev, “Interaction of CO2 Laser Radiation with Glasses,” Infrared Physics, Vol. 29, No. 2-4, 1989, pp. 415-422. doi:10.1016/0020-0891(89)90083-3
[11]	J. F. Coutouly, P. Déprez, P. Vantomme and A. Deffontaine, “Simple Is Best for Real-Time Beam Analysis,” Optics & Laser Europe, Vol. 58, 1999, pp. 34-37.
[12]	A. A. Tseng, Y. T. Chen, C.-L. Chao, K.-J. Ma and T. P. Chen, “Recent developments on Microablation of Glass Materials Using Excimer Lasers,” Optics and Lasers in Engineering, Vol. 45, No. 10, 2007, pp. 975-992. doi:10.1016/j.optlaseng.2007.04.003
[13]	K. Yamamoto, N. Hasaka, H. Morita and E. Ohmura, “Influence of Glass Substrate Thickness in Laser Scribing of Glass,” Precision Engineering, Vol. 34, No. 1, 2010, pp. 55-61. doi:10.1016/j.precisioneng.2009.03.007
[14]	M. S. Phadke, “Quality Engineering Using Design of Experiment, Quality Control, Robust Design and Taguchi Method,” Warsworth & Books, California, 1998.
[15]	R. Ranjit, “Design of Experiment Using the Taguchi Approach,” John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 2001.