The Nephrotoxic Impact of Oseltamivir in Male Albino Rats after Repeated Exposure ()
ABSTRACT
The effects of
oseltamivir administration, effectively against influenza viruses A and B, on
some selected parameters of rat kidney function were investigated to evaluate
its possible nephrotoxic effects. Eighteen (18) albino male Wistar rats with
body weights ranging from 150 - 190 g were divided into three groups, the
first group (T1) was treated orally with 1 mg/kg BW as a therapeutic dose of oseltamivir
for 7 consecutive days. The second group (T2) was treated with the same dose
for six weeks, while the control group was dosed with distilled water. The
results revealed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in blood urea nitrogen
(BUN), serum uric acid and serum creatinine in group T2, while the T1 group
showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in serum uric acid only. Kidney histopathological
lesions in the T1 rats showed atrophy of the glomerular tufts, dilation of the
Bowman’s space, deposition of hyaline droplets within the lumen of the proximal
and distal convoluted renal tubules, a cloudy swelling of the epithelial cells
lining the renal tubules with perivascular lymphocytic cuffing and severe
congestion of the interstitial renal blood vessels. The kidneys of the T2 rats
showed necrosis of the epithelial cells lining the renal tubules and cystic dilation with complete dissolution of their epithelial linings. There was
vacuolation of the glomerular tuft with proliferation of the parietal layer
of the Bowman’s capsule, and a serum protein presence in the glomerular
space. Mild interstitial fibrosis and thickening of the Bowman’s capsule were
also observed. Similarly, there was fibrous thickening of the kidney capsule
with mild medullary interstitial fibrosis. In conclusion, oseltamivir
administered in repeated doses to rats induced some deleterious nephrotoxic
effects in a time-dependent manner.
Share and Cite:
Kadhim Al-Rekabi, F. (2014) The Nephrotoxic Impact of Oseltamivir in Male Albino Rats after Repeated Exposure.
Pharmacology & Pharmacy,
5, 479-486. doi:
10.4236/pp.2014.55058.