Author(s)

Aline Cristina Galvão Leandro

Department of Economics of University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

This article analyzes how the global credit score assigned by Moody’s influences Brazil’s institutional image, focusing on ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) metrics and financial innovation represented by NTN-G (National Treasury Note Series G). The NTN-G, designed as a public bond backed by carbon credits and tokenizable through the startup iCarbon, is highlighted as a strategic solution to strengthen the country’s reputation by promoting economic sustainability and alignment with global sustainable development goals. Based on financial management and socio-environmental governance frameworks, the study integrates ESG practices, technological innovation, and financial instruments to enhance Brazil’s credibility in the global market.

Sovereign Rating, Carbon Tokenization, Institutional Image

Leandro, A. (2025) The Risk in Moody’s Global Rating and Institutional Image in Emerging Countries Issuing Carbon Credit: NTN-G and Carbon Tokenization in Brazil. Theoretical Economics Letters, 15, 763-778. doi: 10.4236/tel.2025.153042.