This work is a Taxonomic study based on genus Lawsonia L. in Tehama area, Albaha region—Saudi Arabia. It includes scientific description of the family Lythraceae and scientific classification of the species Lawsonia inermis L. The study aims to: 1) Identify Lawsonia inermis L. species in Tihama—Albaha region. 2) Determine the distribution and habits of the species Lawsonia inermis L. 3) Provide medicinal properties and local uses of Lawsonia inermis L. Botanical names and synonyms were updated. Vernacular names have been presented. Botanical description is determined depending on the vegetative of the plant. Flowers and fruits were characterized. The method was recorded due to Dr. Jacob Thomas, Herbarium Dept., College of Science, King Saud University [1]. Information about habitats and distribution was provided. The plant species has been illustrated by photos in its habitat. Chemical components, medicinal properties and local uses were included. The study revealed that Lawsonia inermis L. is widely spread throughout the study area and it has great medicinal importance, so it requires more comprehensive studies for identification. Therefore, more Biochemical studies on the effective chemical compounds are required for the medicinal importance of the plant. The results revealed that there were many medicinal properties and local uses of Lawsonia inermis L.