Prevalence of Adverse Drug Reactions to Second Line Anti Tuberculosis Drugs in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study ()
Author(s)
Abideen Adedayo Ganiyu1,2,
Yohanna Kambai Avong3,4,
Akinwumi Akinyede1,
Olusoji Mayowa Ige5,
Osman El tayeb6,
Fatai Taleatu2,
Ayobami Omayeka2,
Victor Babawale7,
Ibrahim Oreagba1
Affiliation(s)
1Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
2Government Chest Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
3Institute of Human Virology of Nigeria (IHVN), Abuja, Nigeria.
4University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia.
5University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
6Damien Foundation Belgium, Nigeria Office, Ibadan, Nigeria.
7National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control Programme (NTBLCP), Abuja, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Multidrug resistant
tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is treated with second line antituberculosis
drugs. These drugs are notorious for inflicting serious adverse drug reactions
(ADRs), which many studies have shown causes a wide range of economic and
health problems including death. Aim: The
study examined the prevalence of ADRs, associated risk factors, socio-demographic
association and outcomes among patients treated for MDR-TB at a comprehensive
tuberculosis treatment center in Nigeria. Method: The
study was conducted at the Government Chest Hospital, Jericho, Ibadan. We
applied a retrospective assessment of patient treatment data and ADRs reports stored at the study
site from March 2013 and February 2016. Subsequently, a prospective study of
ADRs was conducted on patients admitted into the same hospital. Causality
relationship between the drugs and the reported ADRs was determined with a specially validated tool. The outcomes assessed include recovery from the ADRs, death and permanent deafness from the ADRs. Extracted data were analyzed using SPSS
version 22.0. Risk Ratio was calculated for the influence of risk factors for
adverse drug reactions. Logistic regression was performed to test for the
strength of relationships between risk factors and incidence of ADRs among
patients. Result: Almost all the participants in this
study reported adverse drug reaction [99% (118/119)]. However, ototoxicity was
the most prevalent ADR (35.3%), followed by electrolyte imbalance (12.6%), gastrointestinal track (10.1%) and psychiatric disorders (10.1%). Being older
than 35 years and HIV negative or having a healthy BMI were not significant
risk factors for developing ADRs. Duration
of ADR above one month was significantly associated with the outcome of ADR. Conclusion: Ototoxicity, electrolyte imbalance, psychiatric disorders and gastrointestinal
tract problems were the most frequently reported ADRs. Healthcare providers, government and donor agencies supporting the treatment should ensure that hearing aids
and other forms of support are readily made available for the affected
patients.
Share and Cite:
Ganiyu, A. , Avong, Y. , Akinyede, A. , Ige, O. , El tayeb, O. , Taleatu, F. , Omayeka, A. , Babawale, V. and Oreagba, I. (2021) Prevalence of Adverse Drug Reactions to Second Line Anti Tuberculosis Drugs in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Journal of Tuberculosis Research,
9, 90-102. doi:
10.4236/jtr.2021.92008.