Textile Mathematical Statistics (TMS) course is a basic course for undergraduate students to learn and practice data analysis and application in textile fields. And it requires a close connection between theory teaching and practice. For this purpose, we proposed the application-oriented teaching practice of TMS course. The core of our teaching was implementation of project-case based teaching mode, which is to take the specific applications in textiles as examples of teaching. The teaching idea of learning-through-using was adopted. And the teaching contents were scientifically arranged according to people’s basic cognitive law. Knowledge base of teaching cases was established. During our teaching practice in past five years, it has been proved that application-oriented teaching method in TMS course provides practical opportunities for students to independently solve the problems of experiment design and data analysis in textile field.