Open Journal of Psychiatry

Volume 4, Issue 3 (July 2014)

ISSN Print: 2161-7325   ISSN Online: 2161-7333

Google-based Impact Factor: 0.58  Citations  

Peptides and Exorphins in the Autism Spectrum

HTML  XML Download Download as PDF (Size: 3931KB)  PP. 275-287  
DOI: 10.4236/ojpsych.2014.43034    3,713 Downloads   6,042 Views  Citations

ABSTRACT

Problem: Some researchers have not found the opioids in urine of autistic children. We have therefore looked at this problem again. Method: Mass spectrometry and fragmentation mass spectrometry (MS/MS) have been carried out on peaks from the HPLC that show co-chromatography with synthetic standards and peaks that are shared by different autistic children. Results: In quickly frozen urine we find the presence of exorphins, and can also demonstrate a rather fast break down at room temperature of these peptides in urine. Conclusion: Exorphins are present in urine in autistic children, but must be protected against break down and aggregation by fast freezing or acetic acid and adjusting declustering potential and collision potential during mass-spectroscopy. Specific antibody increases and the effect of removing precursor proteins from the diet reinforce this view.

Share and Cite:

Tveiten, D. , Finvold, A. , Andersson, M. and Reichelt, K. (2014) Peptides and Exorphins in the Autism Spectrum. Open Journal of Psychiatry, 4, 275-287. doi: 10.4236/ojpsych.2014.43034.

Cited by

[1] The opioid excess theory in autism spectrum disorders-is it worth investigating further?
Critical Reviews in …, 2021
[2] Efeito da suplementação de probióticos em pacientes com transtorno do espectro autista: uma revisão narrativa
2020
[3] Gluten-free and casein-free diets in the management of autism spectrum disorder: A systematic literature review
2020
[4] Autismus-Spektrum-Störung: Asperger-Syndrom: Symptomatik, Therapie, Alltagsbewältigung und Partnerschaften
2020
[5] Influence of a Combined Gluten-Free and Casein-Free Diet on Behavior Disorders in Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A 12 …
2019
[6] Influencia de una dieta libre de gluten y caseína sobre las alteraciones del comportamiento en niños y adolescentes diagnosticados de trastorno del espectro autista
2019
[7] Influencia de una dieta libre de gluten y caseína sobre las alteraciones del comportamiento en niños y adolescentes diagnosticados de trastorno del espectro …
2019
[8] Hvordan melk og gluten kan påvirke oppførselen din
2017
[9] PEPTIDES, GLUTEN, CASEIN AND AUTISTIC BEHAVIOR–A REVIEW
2016
[10] Exogenous Opioid Peptides Derived From Food Proteins and Their Possible Uses as Dietary Supplements: A Critical Review
The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 2016
[11] Influence of candidate polymorphisms on the dipeptidyl peptidase IV and μ-opioid receptor genes expression in aspect of the β-casomorphin-7 modulation functions in …
Peptides, 2015
[12] Influence of candidate polymorphisms on the dipeptidyl peptidase IV and μ-opioid receptor genes expression in aspect of the β-casomorphin-7 modulation functions in autism
Peptides, 2015
[13] Ernährungstherapie bei Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen im Kindes-und Jugendalter: wie ist die Evidenz?
Klinische Pädiatrie, 2015
[14] Exorphin Peptides in Urine with HPLC-MS/MS Detection
2015
[15] The gluten-free, casein-free diet
2015

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.