Author(s)

Bonoshree Sarkar^1*, Afroza Sultana^1*, Nabila Nawar Binti¹, Farhana Tasnim Chowdhury¹, Sadia Afrin¹, Mohammad Fahim¹, Taibur Rahman^1,2, Atiqur Rahman^1#

¹Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
²Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA.

Antibiotic resistance poses a significant global health threat, necessitating a thorough understanding of its prevalence in various ecological contexts. Medicinal plants, renowned for their therapeutic properties, host endophytic bacteria that produce bioactive compounds. Understanding antibiotic resistance dynamics in these bacteria is vital for human health and antibiotic efficacy preservation. In this study, we investigated antibiotic resistance profiles in endophytic bacteria from five medicinal plants: Thankuni, Neem, Aparajita, Joba, and Snake plant. We isolated and characterized 113 endophytic bacteria, with varying resistance patterns observed against multiple antibiotics. Notably, 53 strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR), with 14 exhibiting extensive drug resistance (XDR). Thankuni-associated bacteria displayed 44% MDR and 11% XDR, while Neem-associated bacteria showed higher resistance (60% MDR, 13% XDR). Aparajita-associated bacteria had lower resistance (22% MDR, 6% XDR), whereas Joba-associated bacteria exhibited substantial resistance (54% MDR, 14% XDR). Snake plant-associated bacteria showed 7% MDR and 4% XDR. Genus-specific distribution revealed Bacillus (47%), Staphylococcus (21%), and Klebsiella (11%) as major contributors to MDR. Our findings highlight diverse drug resistance patterns among plant-associated bacteria and underscore the complexity of antibiotic resistance dynamics in diverse plant environments. Identification of XDR strains emphasizes the severity of the antibiotic resistance problem, warranting further investigation into contributing factors.

Antibiotic Resistance, Endophytic Bacteria, Medicinal Plants, Drug Resistance

Sarkar, B. , Sultana, A. , Binti, N. , Chowdhury, F. , Afrin, S. , Fahim, M. , Rahman, T. and Rahman, A. (2024) Nature’s Pharmacy under Siege: Investigating Antibiotic Resistance Pattern in Endophytic Bacteria of Medicinal Plants. Advances in Microbiology, 14, 183-208. doi: 10.4236/aim.2024.144014.