Author(s)

R. Joseph^1*, C. Impey², O. Planchon³, R. del Gaudio⁴, M. Abu Safa⁵, A. R. Sumanarathna⁶, E. Ansbro⁷, D. Duvall⁸, G. Bianciardi⁹, C. H. Gibson¹⁰, R. Schild¹¹

¹Astrobiology Research Center, California, USA.
²Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
³Biogéosciences Laboratory, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.
⁴Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
⁵Department of Applied Physics, Palestine Polytechnic University, Hebron, Palestine.
⁶Department of Research and Innovation, Eco Astronomy International Research Center, Tetouan, Morocco.
⁷Space Exploration Ltd., Boyle, County Roscommon, Ireland.
⁸Department of Zoology, Oklahoma State University (Emeritus), Stillwater, USA.
⁹Department of Science and Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Siena, Tuscany, Italy.
¹⁰Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, University of California (Emeritus), San Diego, USA.
¹¹Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian (Emeritus), Cambridge, USA.

“Plasmas” up to a kilometer in size and behaving similarly to multicellular organisms have been filmed on 10 separate NASA space shuttle missions, over 200 miles above Earth within the thermosphere. These self-illuminated “plasmas” are attracted to and may “feed on” electromagnetic radiation. They have different morphologies: 1) cone, 2) cloud, 3) donut, 4) spherical-cylindrical; and have been filmed flying towards and descending from the thermosphere into thunderstorms; congregating by the hundreds and interacting with satellites generating electromagnetic activity; approaching the Space Shuttles. Computerized analysis of flight path trajectories documents these plasmas travel at different velocities from different directions and change their angle of trajectory making 45°, 90°, and 180° shifts and follow each other. They’ve been filmed accelerating, slowing down, stopping, congregating, engaging in “hunter-predatory” behavior and intersecting plasmas leaving a plasma dust trail in their wake. Similar life-like behaviors have been demonstrated by plasmas created experimentally. “Plasmas” may have been photographed in the 1940s by WWII pilots (identified as “Foo fighters”); repeatedly observed and filmed by astronauts and military pilots and classified as Unidentified Aerial—Anomalous Phenomenon. Plasmas are not biological but may represent a form of pre-life that via the incorporation of elements common in space, could result in the synthesis of RNA. Plasmas constitute a fourth state of matter, are attracted to electromagnetic activity, and when observed in the lower atmosphere likely account for many of the UFO-UAP sightings over the centuries.

Extraterrestrials, Plasmas, Dusty Plasmas, Extremophiles, Life in Space, Abiogenesis, Origins of Life, RNA World

Joseph, R. , Impey, C. , Planchon, O. , Gaudio, R. , Safa, M. , Sumanarathna, A. , Ansbro, E. , Duvall, D. , Bianciardi, G. , Gibson, C. and Schild, R. (2024) Extraterrestrial Life in the Thermosphere: Plasmas, UAP, Pre-Life, Fourth State of Matter. Journal of Modern Physics, 15, 322-374. doi: 10.4236/jmp.2024.153015.