Author(s)

Qinghua Cui

Department of Biomedical Informatics, Peking University, Beijing, China.

We previously revealed that the speed of light in vacuum c, the gravitational constant G, the vacuum permittivity ε, and the vacuum permeability μ can be defined by the temperature T (or the expected average frequency f) of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. Given that CMB is continuously cooling, that is, T is continuously decreasing, we proposed that the above “constants” are variable and their values at some space-time with CMB temperature T (c_T, G_T, ε_T, and μ_T) can be described using their values (c₀, G₀, ε₀, and μ₀) and the temperature (T₀) of CMB at present space-time. Based on the above observation, a number of physical equations related with these constants are re-described in this study, including relativity equation, mass-energy equation, and Maxwell’s equations, etc.

Speed of Light in Vacuum, Gravitational Constant, Vacuum Permittivity, Vacuum Permeability, Cosmic Microwave Background

Cui, Q. (2023) Variable Physical Constants and Beyond. Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology, 9, 116-123. doi: 10.4236/jhepgc.2023.91011.