Author(s)

Indou Deme/Ly^1*, Cheikh Binetou Fall¹, Awa Kane¹, Ibrahima Diop¹, Aminata Mbaye¹, Yaaye Joor Dieng¹, Denika Estelle Liapoui¹, Idrissa Demba Ba¹, Abou Ba¹, Aliou Thiongane¹, Papa Moctar Faye¹, Amadou Lamine Fall¹, Ibrahima Diagne², Ousmane Ndiaye¹

¹Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal.
²Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal.

Background: The relationship between sickle cell disease and malaria is the subject of much controversy. However, there is a lack of data in our services. Our objective was to study the epidemiological, diagnostic and evolutionary characteristics of malaria in children with sickle cell disease followed in a specialized setting. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study of children with sickle cell disease (SCD) who presented with malaria and were followed at the Ambulatory Care Unit for Sickle Cell Children and Adolescents (USAD) at the Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital in Dakar, from January 1^st, 2017, to December 31^th, 2019. We included all the followed pediatric patients, less than 16 years, with sickle cell disease who presented at least one episode of malaria, confirmed by a positive thick drop, during this 3 years. We did not include patients with incomplete records or those older than 16 years. The clinical and biological signs, the follow up was collected and analyzed with Excel package 2019. Results: Of 3773 patients followed for sickle cell disease, 21 had presented malaria. The frequency was 0.5% or 7 cases/year. However, we exploited the data of 14 of them. The sex ratio was 6 boys for a girl and the mean age at admission was 7.3 years. The highest number of malaria cases was observed in 2018 and the peak frequency was observed in November with 8 cases (57.1%). Fever was the most frequent symptom, observed in 10 patients (71.4%). All patients were SS homozygous, with a mean baseline hemoglobin level of 7.5g/dl. All patients had a positive thick blood smear and Plasmodium falciparum was the only species found in the blood smear, with a mean parasite density of 1693 parasites/ml of blood. All patients had anemia, with a mean hemoglobin level of 7.74 g/dl. Twelve patients (85.7%) were hospitalized and had all received injectable artesunate followed by oral Artemisinin Combination Therapy (ACT). Long-lasting insecticidal nets were used in 9 patients (69.2%). The evolution was favorable in all patients, any death was reported. NO REPRESENTATION OF YOUR DATA IN TABLES OR FIGURES: it was a little serial. Conclusion: The patients who presented the association of malaria and sickle cell disease were all SS homozygotes. However, malaria must be considered as serious in this chronic anemic setting. That’s why it is important to improve prophylaxis.

Malaria, Sickle Cell Disease, Children

Deme/Ly, I., Fall, C.B., Kane, A., Diop, I., Mbaye, A., Dieng, Y.J., Liapoui, D.E., Ba, I.D., Ba, A., Thiongane, A., Faye, P.M., Fall, A.L., Diagne, I. and Ndiaye, O. (2022) Malaria Characteristics in Children with Sickle Cell Disease. Open Journal of Pe-diatrics, 12, 125-130. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojped.2022.121013