Kinetic Studies of a Coenzyme B12 Dependent Reaction Catalyzed by Glutamate Mutase from Clostridium cochlearium ()
Affiliation(s)
1Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
2Laboratorium für Mikrobiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Straße 8, Marburg, Germany.
3Max-Planck-Institut für Terrestrische Mikrobiologie, Marburg, Germany.
ABSTRACT
The
coenzyme B12 dependent glutamate mutase is composed of two apoenzyme
proteins subunits; S and E2, which while either fused or separate
assemble with coenzyme B12 to form an active holoenzyme (E2S2-B12)
for catalyzing the reversible isomerization between (S)-glutamate and (2S, 3S)-3-methylas- partate. In order to assay the activity of glutamate
mutase by UV spectrophotometry, this reaction is often coupled with
methylaspartase which deaminates (2S,
3S)-3-methylaspartate to form
mesaconate (λmax = 240 nm, Ɛ240 = 3.8 mM-1·cm-1). The
activities of different reconstitutions of glutamate mutase from separate apoenzyme components S and E in varied amounts of coenzyme B12 and adenosylpeptide B12 as cofactors were measured by this assay and used to reveal the binding
properties of the cofactor by the Michaelis- Menten Method. The values of Km for coenzyme B12 in due to reconstitutions
of holoenzyme in 2, 7 and 14 S: E were determined as; 1.12 ± 0.04 μM, 0.7 ±
0.05 μM and 0.52 ± 0.06 μM, respectively, so as those of adenosylpeptide B12;
1.07 ± 0.04 μM and 0.35 ± 0.05 μM as obtained from respective 2 and 14 S: E
compositions of holoenzyme. Analysis of these kinetics results curiously associates the
increasing affinity of cofactors to apoenzyme with increased
amount of component S used in reconstituting holoenzyme from separate apoenzyme components and cofactor. Moreover, in these studies a new method for
assaying the activity of glutamate mutase was developed, whereby glutamate
mutase activity is measured via depletion of NADH (λmax = 340 nm, Ɛ340 = 6.3 mM-1·cm-1) as determined by UV spectrophotometry
after addition of (2S, 3S)-3-methylaspartate
and pyruvate to a mixture of E2S2-B12 and two
auxiliary holoenzymes system;
pyridoxal-5-phosphate dependent glutamate-pyruvate aminotransferase and NADH dependent (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase. The activity of glutamate-pyruvate aminotransferase
was relatively complete recovered upon the addition of (S)-glutamate and pyruvate to the mixtures of hologlutamate-pyruvate
aminotransferase and (R)-2-hydroxylglutarate dehydrogenase which were incubated with each putative inhibitor of glutamate
mutase. Additionally, the new assay was used to determine the kinetic constants
of (2S, 3S)-3-methylaspartate in the reaction of glutamate mutase
as Km= 7 ± 0.07 mM and kcat= 0.54 ± 0.6 s-1.
Application of Briggs-Haldane formula allowed the calculation of an equilibrium
constant of the reversible isomerization, Keq = [(S)-glutamate] × [(2S, 3S)-3-methylaspartate]-1 = 16, where the kinetic constants of (S)-glutamate were determined by
the standard methylaspartase coupled assay.
Share and Cite:
Lyatuu, F. and Buckel, W. (2021) Kinetic Studies of a Coenzyme B12 Dependent Reaction Catalyzed by Glutamate Mutase from
Clostridium cochlearium.
Advances in Enzyme Research,
9, 72-90. doi:
10.4236/aer.2021.94007.
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