Education is the basis of a One-Hundred Year Strategy of a Nation, the cornerstone of nation progress, the driving force to promote national rejuvenation, and the inevitable choice to improve the quality of our citizens. Basic education is the foundation of the whole education management system. Only by doing basic education well can citizens get long-term development in their future life. Basic education management is very rich in content; this article compares the differences of the basic education teaching management between China and America from the basic education management system, teaching management and the teacher-student relationship management, hoping to help our country’s basic education teaching management by learning from each other and facing up to the inadequacy and promote the healthy growth of Chinese students.