Author(s)

Guelord Mukiapini Luzolo¹, Dophie Tshibuela Beya¹, Daddy Kabamba Numbi¹, Passy Kimena Nyota¹, Placide Cyanga Ngandu¹, Blaise Sumbu Matondo Manzambi¹, Aliocha Nkodila Natuhoyila², Mamy Ngole Zita¹, Gustave Ilunga Ntita¹, Mireille Nganga Nkanga¹, Jérémie Muwonga Masidi¹, Donatien Kayembe Nzongola-Nkasu¹, Dieudonné Sengeyi Mushengezi³, Arsene Mputu Lobota³, Baudouin Buassa-Bu-Tsumbu⁴, Cathy Ali Risasi⁴, Fons Verdonck⁵, Bernard Spitz⁶, Jean Pierre Elongi Moyene^7*

¹Département de Biologie Médicale, Service de Biologie Clinique, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Congo.
²Département de Médecine interne, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Congo.
³Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Congo.
⁴Département de Biologie Clinique, Hopital Général de Référence de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Congo.
⁵Department of Physiology, KU Leuven, Belgium.
⁶Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics, KU Leuven, Belgium.
⁷Département de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Hopital Général de Référence de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Congo.

Background: A disturbed glucose metabolism is quite common during pregnancy. It is due to the diabetogenic potential of pregnancy and responsible for many obstetric complications. The glycated hemoglobin is one of the markers used to depict these disorders. Higher concentrations of this marker would be associated with unfavorable results of pregnancy. Objective: To describe the profile of HbA1c in non-diabetic preeclamptic pregnant women and to establish the association between the values of this marker and the maternal and fetal complications. Materials and Method: This is a case-control study of 142 pregnant women in their second and third trimester. They were followed in the maternity hospitals of University Clinics and the General Reference Hospital in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo between May and October 2019. The sampling of preeclamptic pregnant women was exhaustive. Controls were healthy pregnant women carrying pregnancies of the same type and of the same gestational age as the cases. Ultimately, 71 were preeclamptic and 71 healthy (controls). HbA1c was determined by immunoturbidimetry. Results: A total of 142 pregnant women took part in this study consisting of 71 preeclamptic women (cases) and 71 healthy pregnant women (controls). The average age of these pregnant women was 28.8 ± 6.8 (28.2 ± 6.8 years vs 29.5 ± 6.8 years p = 0.559), with an average parity of 2.3 ± 1.5 (2.2 ± 1.7 vs 2.4 ± 1.2, p = 0.005). The majority were carriers of monofoetal pregnancy. Higher HbA1c values were observed in the preeclamptic pregnant women compared to the controls (5.7 ± 1.3% vs 4.8 ± 0.7%, p < 0.001). The proportion of pregnant women with pathological HbA1c values (>5.6%) was also higher in the group of preeclamptic pregnant women (46.5% vs 9.9%, p < 0.001), especially in those with complications. In the multivariate analysis, an association was established between high HbA1c values and preeclampsia [(OR 6.48 (2.48 - 16.93) p < 0.001]. Conclusion: This study established that 46.5% of non-diabetic pregnant women with preeclampsia have high HbA1c values, which moreover are associated with preeclampsia and its complications. Systematic screening is essential for detecting preeclampsia or diabetes or both.

HbA1c, Preeclampsia, Prognosis, Congo

Luzolo, G. , Beya, D. , Numbi, D. , Nyota, P. , Ngandu, P. , Manzambi, B. , Natuhoyila, A. , Zita, M. , Ntita, G. , Nkanga, M. , Masidi, J. , Nzongola-Nkasu, D. , Mushengezi, D. , Lobota, A. , Buassa-Bu-Tsumbu, B. , Risasi, C. , Verdonck, F. , Spitz, B. and Moyene, J. (2020) The Profile of Glycated Hemoglobin in Non-Diabetic Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia: A Case-Control Study in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 10, 365-389. doi: 10.4236/ojog.2020.1030034.