Author(s)

Jean Fidèle Nnang Essone^1,2, Tatiana Harly Mba Aki Angue^3,4, Mounir Belmalih³, Rosalie Nkiéma⁵, Ludmila Betty Eke Ndouo⁴, Emmanuel Anyunzoghe⁶, Nathan Ekegue², Félix Ovono Abessolo^5,7

¹Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Owendo, Libreville, Gabon.
²Physiological Functional Exploration and Physical Medicine Services, Owendo University Hospital Center, Owendo, Libreville, Gabon.
³Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Owendo, Libreville, Gabon.
⁴Mother-Child University Hospital Center, Libreville, Gabon.
⁵Department of Biochemistry-Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Owendo, Libreville, Gabon.
⁶Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Owendo, Libreville, Gabon.
⁷Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Owendo, Libreville, Gabon.

Introduction: The mechanisms of overexpression of neuroglobin in patients with severe glaucoma (CG⁺) remain hypothetical. Objective: To study the anti-apoptotic, anti-hypoxic and anti-oxidant properties of neuroglobin in CG⁺. Population and Methods: The visual field, as well as plasma dosage of neuroglobin (CmNgb, ng/ml), hypoxia inductible factor-1alpha (CmHIF-1α, pg/ml), glutathione peroxidase (CmGpx, pg/ml), and cytochrome C oxidase (CmCyt C, pg/ml) were carried out in 45 CG⁺ and 45 controls (CG^-). The chi-2 test compared the proportions, and Spearman’s test studied the correlations between quantitative variables (p < 5%). Results: CmNgb was 4.1 in CG⁺, versus 2.3 in CG^- (p = 1.52 × 10^-5). CmGpx was 1144.7 in CG⁺, versus 752.8 in GC^- (p = 0.0199). CmHIF-1α was 4.1 in CG⁺, versus 3.5 in CG^- (p = 0.4530). CmCyt C was 2303.26 in CG⁺, versus 1750.44 in CG^- (p = 0.0450). In CG⁺, there was a correlation between CmNgb and CmGpx (r = 0.417; p = 0.004), CmNgb and CmHIF-1α (r = 0.644; p = 1.8 × 10^-6), and between CmHIF-1α and CmGpx (r = 0.447; p = 0.002), CmHIF-1α and CmCyt C (r = 0.371; p = 0.012). None correlation was found between CmNgb and CmCyt C (r = 0.126; p = 0.370), as well as CmGpx and CmCyt C (r = 0.102; p = 0.505). Conclusion: The variations of apoptosis, hypoxic, and oxidative stress biomarkers were found between CG⁺ and CG^-, as well as their correlations, suggesting that neuroglobin overexpression is related to its anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, and anti-hypoxic properties.

Chronic, Severe, Glaucoma, Neuroglobin, Neuroprotective-Properties

Essone, J. , Angue, T. , Belmalih, M. , Nkiéma, R. , Ndouo, L. , Anyunzoghe, E. , Ekegue, N. and Abessolo, F. (2020) Contribution at the Study of Neuroprotective Properties of Neuroglobin during Severe Chronic Glaucoma. World Journal of Neuroscience, 10, 42-67. doi: 10.4236/wjns.2020.101007.