Author(s)

Valeria Mercuri¹, Tullia Villani², Denise Costa¹, Michela Mordenti², Tania D’Amico¹, Paolo Palange², Patrizia Gargiulo¹

¹Department of Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology-Pituitary Disease, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
²Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence and clinical performance of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) in acromegalic patients, focusing on the possible correlation between alterations of pulmonary microcirculation and patient’s clinical and hormonal parameters. Methods: We enrolled 22 acromegalic patients with apnea hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 5 if symptomatic, or ≥15 in the absence of sleep related symptoms. Patients underwent the following evaluations: GH and IGF-1 serum levels, arterial blood gas test, spirometry, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO), home-based cardiorespiratory sleep and pulmonary function test. Results: The prevalence of OSAS was 66.6%. Patients with a severe form of OSAS appeared to be affected from acromegaly for more years than those with a lower severity of disease and those with acromegaly duration > 10 years had significantly higher levels of glycated hemoglobin. We observed a positive correlation between GH level at diagnosis and DLCO value, showing that acromegalic patients have an increase in static and dynamic respiratory volumes and alveolar-capillary exchange surface compared to the general population. We also observed a positive correlation between baseline serum IGF-1 level and DLCO/VA and between years of disease and DLCO/VA, showing the association of increased lung volume and increase of the exchange surface. Conclusions: The results of this study add new information on lung volume and alveolar gas exchange in acromegaly. Our findings highlight the role of SSA as therapy with positive impact on complication and comorbidities of acromegaly.

Acromegaly, Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome, Growth Hormone, Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1, Carbon Monoxide Diffusing Capacity

Mercuri, V. , Villani, T. , Costa, D. , Mordenti, M. , D’Amico, T. , Palange, P. and Gargiulo, P. (2019) Respiratory Disorders in Acromegalic Patients. International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10, 553-564. doi: 10.4236/ijcm.2019.1010045.