Based on the perspective of legitimacy, this paper uses the Logistic and OLS regression methods to analyze the relationship between the release of CSR reports issued by private companies from 2010 to 2016 and the relationship between report quality and executive political connections. The analysis shows that executive political relations can significantly affect the quality of private companies in the CSR report release and publication possibility of CSR report. According to the analysis results, the paper finally proposes how to promote corporate social responsibility by exerting the political correlation role of executives. Through theoretical and empirical research, it analyzes the influence of executive political association on corporate financial performance and social responsibility, and analyzes and verifies the role of regional marketization development process in private social responsibility behavior and political association formation motivation, thus making private enterprise politics rational use of related resources, standardizing and guiding the commitment of civil society’s social responsibility, and providing corresponding policy recommendations for promoting healthy and sustainable economic development. Secondly, this study analyzes the influence of executive political connections on corporate social responsibility behavior from a multi-theoretical perspective, and provides more analytical perspectives for future related research.