Author(s)

Yordanka Reyes Cruz¹, Gisel Chenard Díaz¹, Andreina Z. Figuera Leonett¹, René Gonzalez Carliz¹, Vinicius Rossa^2*, Luciano Basto Oliveira³, Maurílio Novais da Paixão¹, Donato Alexandre Gomes Aranda¹

¹School of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (EQ/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
²Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlandia (FEQUI/UFU), Minas Gerais, Brazil.
³International Virtual Institute for Global Change (IVIG/COPPE/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Microalgae are unicellular organisms capable of photosynthesis, turning sunlight and carbon dioxide (CO₂) into rich biomass. Precisely because of this definition, in recent years various sectors have been targeting their ability to reduce CO₂ emissions and the capacity of simultaneously synthesize biomass which can be later used to produce bio-fuels. Besides being considered fast-growth microorganisms, microalgae have a diverse biochemical composition with similar characteristics to traditional biomass. In this context, the present work aimed to evaluate the biofixation of CO₂ by the microalgae Monoraphidium sp., cultivated in a closed-window type photobioreactor, as well as characterization of microalgal biomass produced in relation to the total lipid content (TL), lipids converted into biodiesel (LCB), carbohydrates and proteins. The results achieved showed that the best result was obtained after 24 h of cultivation, where for each gram of biomass produced approximately 1.2 g of CO₂ were consumed. In the growth phase the average biomass productivity in the Janela photobioreactor was 58 mg·L^-1·day^-1 concluding that microalgae culture systems could be coupled to the chimneys of large industries emitters CO₂ using this gas, resulting from combustion processes, in the process of photosynthesis. The biomass Monoraphidium sp. produced had a content of lipids converted into biodiesel of approximately 8.36% ± 2.69%, carbohydrates 32% ± 3.37% and proteins 34.26% ± 0.41%.

Biomass, CO₂ Capture, Cultivation, Microalgae, Photobioreactor

Cruz, Y.R., Díaz, G.C., Leonett, A.Z.F., Carliz, R.G., Rossa, V., Oliveira, L.B., da Paixão, M.N. and Aranda, D.A.G. (2019) Photobioreactor of Microalgas for CO₂ Biofixation. Journal of Power and Energy Engineering, 7, 91-106. doi: 10.4236/jpee.2019.71006.