Author(s)

Essiben Félix^1,2*, Ngo Um Meka Esther^1,3, Mve Koh Valère^1,4, Gwos Laurentine¹, Ojong Samuel¹, Foumane Pascal^1,3

¹Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon.
²Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon.
³Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon.
⁴Yaounde Teaching Hospital Centre, Yaounde, Cameroon.

Introduction: Severe preeclampsia is a frequent cause of maternal death, and also a frequent indication for caesarean deliveries when faced with the need to expedite delivery. We sought complications specific to caesarean deliveries in patients with severe preeclampsia. Methods: It was a case-control study carried out over 6 months, from December 1st, 2015 to May 31st, 2016 at the Yaoundé Central and the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospitals. We evaluated 159 women undergoing a caesarean delivery to assess the risk of maternal and foetal postoperative complications in patients with severe preeclampsia. Significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The incidence of postoperative complications stood at 26.4%. Maternal and foetal complications were more frequent in preeclamptic women at 54.5% versus 11.5% (p < 0.05) and 47.3% versus 27.9% (p < 0.05) respectively. The incidence of adverse events was greater in women with preeclampsia: pruritus and limb pain (RR = 2.96; p < 0.001), the persistence of high blood pressure (RR = 4.51, p < 0.001), maternal death (RR = 2.93, p < 0.001), postpartum convulsions (RR = 3, p < 0.001) headaches resistant to first-line analgesics (RR = 3, p < 0.001), Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) (RR = 2.92, p < 0.001), a cute pulmonary oedema (RR = 2.92, p < 0.001), prematurity (RR = 4.43, p < 0.001), neonatal asphyxia (RR = 2.93, p < 0.001), and hyaline membrane disease (RR = 2.93, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Severe preeclampsia is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications.

Preeclampsia, Postoperative Complications, Caesarean Section, Yaoundé

Félix, E. , Esther, N. , Valère, M. , Laurentine, G. , Samuel, O. and Pascal, F. (2018) Maternal and Foetal Outcomes Associated with Caesarean Deliveries in Patients with Severe Preeclampsia in Two Teaching Hospitals, Yaoundé. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 8, 1271-1281. doi: 10.4236/ojog.2018.813129.