Author(s)

Rabia Begum Panhwar¹, Ali Akbar¹, Muhammad Faizer Ali², Qinghua Yang¹, Baili Feng^1*

¹State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
²Environmental Engineering & Management, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder by a chronic hyperglycemic condition because of defects in insulin secretion and insulin action or both. Minor cereals are often drought tolerant and fertilizer efficient. In this review we focus the content and bioavailability of phytochemicals in some minor cereals on the basis evidence for increasing plasma phytochemical concentrations and reducing oxidative stress as well as inflammation in humans. Phenolics and Flavanoids are major phytochemicals and may be available with high concentration in minor cereals but as tightly attached with cell wall, their bioavailability is mostly limited. Clinical trials concluded that vitamin E and other common antioxidants were not helpful for managing diabetic complications. Vicious cycles can cause type 1 DM, where as hypoglycemia can forward to down and regulate neuroendocrine. Increased phytochemical bioavailability may be achieved through bio processing of grains but the improvements might be small and have not yet led to changes in clinical associated with reduced risk of T2D. Furthermore, the effects of minor cereals against oxidative stress in healthy individuals can be very low or not occurred but systemic inflammation can be reduced in people after huge intake. More than 300 Indian medicinal plants have antidiabetic property but exact mechanisms for hypoglycemic action of many plants are still unknown. Further studies are required to pay attention toward direct role of minor cereal phytochemicals on alarming diseases diabetes.

Minor Cereal, Phytochemical, Diabetes, Hypoglycemia Cycle, Prevention

Panhwar, R. , Akbar, A. , Ali, M. , Yang, Q. and Feng, B. (2018) Phytochemical Components of Some Minor Cereals Associated with Diabetes Prevention and Management. Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, 6, 9-22. doi: 10.4236/jbm.2018.62002.