Author(s)

Masahiro Nishigai¹, Noriyuki Kida^2*

¹Taisei Gakuin University High School, Osaka, Japan.
²Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan.

Psychological skills of amateur Japanese baseball referees were investigated based on whether or not they were qualified as a referee. A questionnaire to evaluate the psychological skills of referees was administered to referees (N = 218). Results indicated no differences in the psychological skills based on their qualifications. Also, examining the relationship between the age and years of experience and psychological skill indicated that “Self-control” and “Communication” skills were higher in older referees with longer experience (p < .01). It is suggested that experience might be needed to improve psychological skills. On the other hand, there was no significant relationship between “Expressive power”, “Confidence” and “Concentration”.

Baseball Referee, Psychological Characteristics

Nishigai, M. and Kida, N. (2018) Evaluating Psychological Skills of Japanese Amateur Baseball Referees. Advances in Physical Education, 8, 31-34. doi: 10.4236/ape.2018.81004.