Risk factors of the depression are the occupational stress. The mental health condition of university teachers who participate in the socialization of diverse students is an important issue; however, there are few studies on depression among university teachers. The purpose of this study is to clarify Japanese university teachers’ depression status assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and its influence factors: Japanese university teachers’ depression status depression status, personal background, job situation, social support, and stress coping behavior. The self-administered questionnaire survey was mailed to 924 university teachers in Japan, with a survey return rate of 43.8% (N = 405). A total of 342 surveys were completed and valid. The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Japanese version of the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) and the Work Situation Questionnaire (WSQ) were analyzed to clarify the depression status and its influence factors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors related to the major depression. The subjects included 274 men (80.1%) and 68 women (19.9%), 105 professors (30.7%), 52 associate professors (15.2%), 53 lecturers (15.5%) and 132 assistants (38.6%). The subjects’ mean of age and teaching experiences were 44.1 ± 9.7 years, 15.6 ± 10.1 years. The mean PHQ score was 3.9 ± 4.1, and 307 subjects (89.8%) were 0 - 9 points and 35 subjects (10.2%) were over 10 points (10 points or over). For women [OR = 7.009, 95% CI 2.387 - 20.584; p < 0.001], religion [OR = 1.813, 95% CI 1.175 - 2.798; p = 0.007], self-blame [OR = 1.808, 95% CI 1.280 - 2.556; p = 0.001], substance use [OR = 1.453, 95% CI 1.103 - 1.913; p = 0.008] were risk factors of depression status. On the other hand, high job satisfaction level [OR = 0.945, 95% CI 0.921 - 0.969; p < 0.001], higher age [OR = 0.927, 95% CI 0.873 - 0.984; p =0.014], use of instrumental support [OR = 0.622, 95% CI 0.399 - 0.969; p = 0.036], and use of social support [OR = 0.588, 95% CI 0.376 - 0.921; p = 0.020] were factors that reduced the risk of depression. These findings suggested that in order to improve the depression status of university teachers, and to develop mental health measures for university faculty members based on such risk factors are necessary in the future.