Temperature Tolerance Test Exposition with Temperate Sea Anemone Actinia equina, a Climatic and Environmental Changes Simulation - Open Access Library Journal

OALibJ > Vol.4 No.3, March 2017

Temperature Tolerance Test Exposition with Temperate Sea Anemone Actinia equina, a Climatic and Environmental Changes Simulation ()

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DOI: 10.4236/oalib.1103360 2,083 Downloads 3,973 Views Citations

Author(s)

Juliana Rodrigues Gadelha^1,2*, Fátima Jesus¹, Paula Braga Gomes³, Jaime Rendón Von Osten⁴, Fernando Morgado¹, Amadeu Mortágua Velho da Maia Soares¹

Affiliation(s)

¹CESAM & Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal.
²CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Brazil.
³Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Biologia, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros s/n Dois Irmãos, Recife, Brasil.
⁴Instituto EPOMEX, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Campeche City, México.

ABSTRACT

Atlantic and Mediterranean warming-related diseases outbreaks and species shifts recently have been documented. Evaluated tools of short-term effects on the health or organisms resistance are necessary to assess and understand mechanisms affecting marine biodiversity. Until now, climate warming has been studied at the population or community level. Here we offer a better understanding of such phenomena at the individual organism level, using anatomic-morphological approaches to interpret effects of natural physical stressors, according to behavioral patterns. The goal of this work was to evaluate the sea anemones behavior with temperature variance. This study takes a method of behavioral observations (morphological and anatomic parameters, with physiological implications) to identify changes in behavior, after exposure to the physical stressors temperature (10℃, 15℃, 20℃, 25℃ and 30℃) on temperate sea anemone Actinia equina over 96 h of exposure. Other endpoints as condition index and reproduction also assessed. Behavioral patterns analysis placed the differentially ecological functions in a wide range of categories including tentacle flexion, tentacle retraction, column cavitation, peristome depression and oral disc flexion. These parameters suggest that the “early stress response” (before result on individual death) to elevated temperature involves essentially all aspects of same chemical reactions. In this case we observed receptors functioning and the frequency of open-close oral sea anemones, tentacles and columns anatomic alterations to detect earlier the effects of physical stress induction. The superiority of results tested was that the key species reacted to different temperature ranges in order to demonstrate that species from different climatic zones could have the same behavioral pattern but have intrinsic adaptations on each climatic zone. Also some collections of parameters such as: 1) water nutrients availability, 2) reproductions rate (number of polyps), 3) survival (condition index) and 4) temperature variations were significant on behavioral answers.

KEYWORDS

Temperature Tolerance, Behavior, Early Warning, Climatic Changes

Share and Cite:

Gadelha, J. , Jesus, F. , Gomes, P. , Osten, J. , Morgado, F. and da Maia Soares, A. (2017) Temperature Tolerance Test Exposition with Temperate Sea Anemone Actinia equina, a Climatic and Environmental Changes Simulation. Open Access Library Journal, 4, 1-24. doi: 10.4236/oalib.1103360.

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