Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most common reasons
of hospitalization in western countries. The rate of early mortality (the first
30 days) caused by AMI is about 30%. Many studies have introduced the infection
with Helicobacter pylori and mycoplasma
pneumonia as causes of AMI. However, some other studies on the effect of mycoplasma
pneumonia, Helicobacter pylori, and blood
group on the incidence of heart attack showed contradictions that might be due to
the ethnical and racial heterogeneities. Therefore, this study was conducted to
determine the correlation of the infection with Helicobacter pylori and mycoplasma pneumonia and blood group with AMI
in Qazvin Province, Iran. Objectives: In this respect, the infection with Helicobacter pylori and mycoplasma pneumonia
can be taken as a risk factor for AMI thereafter if there is a strong correlation
between infection with Helicobacter pylori and mycoplasma pneumonia and AMI, and also the high-risk blood groups can be identified,
and consequently, risk factors for AMI be reduced through early treatment. Materials
and Method: This case-control study was performed in teaching hospitals in Qazvin.
After completing the sample size in both groups (blood serum of 90 patients with
a history of infarction as the case group and blood serum of 90 other people that
matched for age and sex with the first group and had no history of infarction as
the control group), the studies were performed to determine the correlation of AMI
with mycoplasma pneumonia through the level of IgG antibody, with Helicobacter pylori through the level of
relevant antibodies (IgA and IgG), and with blood groups through back-type method.
Results: Men and women of the case group comprised 63.3% and 36.7%, respectively,
and men and women of the control group comprised 67.8% and 32.2%, respectively.
The level of Helicobacter pylori IgG was
considered negative in 1.1%, borderline in 5.6%, and positive in 93.3% in the case
group and negative in 5.6%, borderline in 10%, and positive in 84.4% in the control
group. According to the Chisquare test, the difference between the two groups was
significant (P < 0.05). However, the results showed that the level of Helicobacter pylori IgA was negative in 20%,
borderline in 26.7%, and positive in 53.3% in the case group and negative in 12.2%,
borderline in 20%, and positive in 67.8% in the control group. Based on the Chisquare
test, the difference between the two groups in this regard was not significant (P
> 0.05). The level of mycoplasma pneumonia IgG in the samples was negative in
17.8%, borderline in 5.6%, and positive in 76.7% in the case group and negative
in 27.8%, borderline in 2.2%, and positive in 70% in the control group. Based on
the Chisquare test, there was no significant difference between the two groups
in this regard (P > 0.05). The results on testing the ABO blood groups showed
that 23.3%, 21.1%, 27.8%, and 27.8% of the patients with AMI in the case group had
the blood group O, AB, A, and B, respectively, and 30.7%, 13.6%, 34.1%, and 21.6%
of the people in the control group had the blood group O, AB, A, and B, respectively.
The analysis of results did not show a significant difference between case and control
group in terms of ABO blood groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion and Recommendation:
This study did not show a significant difference between the two groups in terms
of the level of IgG except infection with Helicobacter
pylori. However, more studies should be performed at local and national levels
in order to find the role of risk factors of AMI in each region.