Author(s)

Mohamed Ashour Ahmed¹, M. El-Shennawy^2*, Yousef M. Althomali³, Adel A. Omar²

¹Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
²Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering College, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
³Preventive Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.

The aim of this study is to clarify the effect of different concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Nps) on the properties of two types of heat polymerized acrylic resin. The tested parameters were flexural strength, impact strength, and microhardness. The two types of acrylic resin used in this study were conventional unmodified (Implacryl, Vertex) and high impact heat polymerized acrylic resin (Vertex-Dental, Netherlands). Both types of acrylic resin were modified by using 1% and 5% TiO₂ Nps powder. Specimen’s dimensions were prepared according to the American Dental Association Specification No. 12. Three types of specimens were prepared: 1) flexural strength specimens 50 mm × 10 (±0.2) mm × 3 (±0.2) mm, 2) impact strength test specimens 60 mm × 6.0 mm × 4.0 mm, 3) microhardnesss specimens 25 mm × 10 mm × 3 (±0.2) mm. For each test 6 groups were prepared (each group containing 5 samples). Thirty specimens were prepared in each of the three tests, amounting to a total number of 90 specimens. Mechanical properties such as flexural strength (FS), impact strength and microhardness of the above mentioned specimens were determined using universal testing machine, Izod pendulum impact testing machine and Vickers microhardness tester, respectively. ISO Specification No. 1567 was followed in microhardness test. The data was collected and statistically analyzed. Flexural strength considerably decreased by increasing TiO₂ concentration in both types of acrylic resin. Impact strength of the conventional acrylic resin modified by 1% of additives significantly increased. The microhardness is significantly increased by addition of 5% of TiO₂ Nps. The Incorporation of TiO₂ nanoparticles into acrylic resins can adversely affect its flexural strength. Meanwhile, the impact strength can be modified by small percentage of additives (abt. 1%). This effect is directly correlated with the concentration of nanoparticles. On the other hand, concentrations of TiO₂ Nps (abt. 5%) positively affect the microhardness of both types of acrylic resin used in the present study.

Titanium Dioxide, High Impact Acrylic Resin, Conventional Unmodified Acrylic Resin, Impact Strength, Flexural Strength, Microhardness, Water Sorption

Ashour Ahmed, M. , El-Shennawy, M. , M. Althomali, Y. and Omar, A. (2016) Effect of Titanium Dioxide Nano Particles Incorporation on Mechanical and Physical Properties on Two Different Types of Acrylic Resin Denture Base. World Journal of Nano Science and Engineering, 6, 111-119. doi: 10.4236/wjnse.2016.63011.