Author(s)

Muhammad A. Halwani¹, Nidal A. J. Tashkandy², Magda M. Aly^3*, Saad B. Al Masoudi³, Osama O. Dhafar²

¹Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia.
²Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
³Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

This study aimed to determine the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria in Jeddah Ministry of Health hospitals. Sixteen month follow-up (January 2010 to April 2011) study was carried out and clinical isolates of hospitalized patients were collected, identified and their antimicrobial resistance was determined using two automated systems, Phoenix and Vitek 2. Results revealed that 6195 isolates were identified of which 94% (5846/6195) were Gram negatives. In Escherichia coli, the resistance was 40% (681/1703) to ciprofloxacin, 30% (511/1703) to cefepime, 29% (494/1703) to ceftazidime, 8.5% (145/1703) to tazocin and amikacin, 40% (681/1703) to gentamicin and cefuroxime. In Klebsiella pneumonia, the resistance was 48% (550/1147) to ceftazidime, 49% (565/1147) to cefuroxime, 45.5% (522/1147) to cefepime, 38% (436/1147) to gentamicin, 30% (344/1147) to ciprofloxacin, 19% (218/1147) to tazocin, 7.5% (86/1147) to amikacin and 2.4% (27/1147) to imipenem/meropenem. In Acinetobacter bumannii, 79% (850/1076) were resistant to ciprofloxacin, 68.5% (737/1076) to tazocin, 67% (721/1076) to cefepime, 66% (710/1076) to gentamicin and imipenem/meropenem, 65% (699/1076) to ceftazidime, 68% (735/1076) to amikacin and no resistance to colistin was reported. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, almost 34% (555/1632) were resistant to ceftazidime, 31% (506/1632) to ciprofloxacin, 29% (473/1632) to cefepime, 26.5% (434/1638) to gentamicin, 19% (310/1632) to imipenem/meropenem, 17% (277/1632) to amikacin, and 15.5% (253/1632) were resistant to tazocin. In Gram positive isolates, MRSA counted only for 4.6% (302/6552) and no vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) were detected. In conclusion, the resistance detected in this study is considered high and antibiotic Stewardship Programs is inevitably required.

Resistance, Clinical Isolates, Jeddah, Klebsiella, Antibiotic

Halwani, M. , Tashkandy, N. , Aly, M. , Masoudi, S. and Dhafar, O. (2015) Incidence of Antibiotic Resistance Bacteria in Jeddah's Ministry of Health Hospitals, Saudi Arabia. Advances in Microbiology, 5, 780-786. doi: 10.4236/aim.2015.512082.