Author(s)

Firmin Ankouane^1*, Mathurin Kowo¹, Bernadette Ngo Nonga², Fidèle Vouffo³, Jude-Marcel Nzoumé¹, Oudou Njoya¹, Elie Claude Ndjitoyap Ndam¹

¹Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon.
²Department of Surgery and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon.
³Histopathology Laboratory, University Hospital Teaching of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon.

Introduction: The diffuse type of gastric adenocarcinoma has been found to be more prevalent in low risk countries like Cameroon. The objective of this study was to determine the most frequent histological type of gastric cancer found in Yaoundé and its association to the Helicobacter pylori infection. Materials and Methods: The registries of histopathology laboratories of 4 reference hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon have been reviewed for registered primitive gastric malignancies from July 2009 to May 2014. Paraffin blocks mounted on slides and stained with Hematoxylyn and Eosin of gastric cancer cases were re-stained Giemsa to search for Helicobacter pylori and they were classified using the criteria of Lauren in intestinal type or diffuse type. Results: Forty-two cases were reviewed: 25 (59.5%) of them were intestinal type of gastric adenocarcinoma, 11 (26.2%) were diffuse type, 4 (9.5%) were malignant gastric lymphoma, 1 (2.4%) was a stromal tumor, and 1 (2.4%) was a colloid carcinoma. The most common site of location was the proximal gastric portion (52.2%). The overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection was 88.1%, most common with the intestinal type (100%) and malignant lymphoma (100%) than with the diffuse type (72.2%) (p = 0.007). Conclusion: The most common type of gastric adenocarcinoma in Cameroon is the intestinal type and Helicobacter pylori infection is more common in the intestinal type and malignant gastric lymphoma than in the diffuse type. The Helicobacter pylori eradication campaigns are needed.

Helicobacter pylori, Stomach Neoplasms, Adenocarcinoma, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Cameroon

Ankouane, F. , Kowo, M. , Nonga, B. , Vouffo, F. , Nzoumé, J. , Njoya, O. and Ndam, E. (2015) Histological Types of Gastric Cancer and Helicobacter pylori Infection in Yaoundé. Journal of Cancer Therapy, 6, 701-708. doi: 10.4236/jct.2015.68077.