Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the cancer incidence and mortality in Huai’an area, China, 2010. Methods: On basis of the criteria of data quality from National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR), data submitted from 8 registries in Huai’an area in 2010 were checked and evaluated. Descriptive analysis included incidence and mortality stratified by areas (urban/rural), sex, age group and cancer sites. Results: The crude incidence rate was 231.17/100,000 (males 276.04/100,000, females 183.87/100,000), age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population (ASIRC) was 179.53/100,000 and by World standard population (ASIRW) was 177.24/ 100,000. The incidence rates increased rapidly in people aged 40 and over, and the peak ages of incidence were at 75 - 79 (males over 85, females at 75 - 79). The cancer mortality rate was 151.26/100,000 (186.06/100,000 in males and 114.58/100,000 in females), age-standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard population (ASMRC) was 116.67/100,000 and by World standard population (ASMRW) was 115.64/100,000. The mortality rates increased rapidly after the age of 50, reaching the peak at the ages over 85 in both males and females. Esophageal, lung, gastric, liver, colorectal, breast, pancreas, lymphoma, brain and central nervous system, cervical were the most common cancer incident sites. Esophageal, lung, liver, gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, brain and central nervous system, leukemia, breast and lymphoma were the most common cancer sites of death. Conclusions: The data quality of cancer registration is improving. As cancer burden remained high and was different between urban and rural areas, prevention and control should be implemented based on practical situation.