Freshwater resources are regarded as the foundation of urban development and assure the sustainable prosperity of the city. The contaminations of fresh water in reservoirs can threaten safety of people directly and force the Industrial processes to be suspended. Therefore, developing a method to detect the potential locations where contaminated water drains off into the reservoirs efficiently and precisely is a challenging task but in urgent need. In this research, we used the air-borne sensor Hymap to get the hyperspectral data of Shenzhen. Finally we find a way to invert five water quality parameters (Suspended Solid (SS), Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5)) from the Hymap image and we distinguish the clear water and polluted water on the image successfully.