Malmquist productivity index (output based) and stochastic frontier production model are used to calculate the total factor productivity and decomposition index of 21 cities in transferred representative area and Shanghai. This paper also uses Tobit model to reveal influencing factors of production efficiency, taking Anhui Province as an example. The result shows that, growth of total factor productivity has been mainly brought by technology progress. Reducing of technology efficiency can hinder its growth. Development gap between Midwest China and developed areas owns to technology efficiency gap. The efficiency has a positive correlation with share of state-owned enterprise total in industrial output value, opening degree, human resources level and infrastructure level. At the same time, it negatively correlates with the share of government spending in GDP. The efficiency is uncorrelated with export and the proportion of science and technology spending accounts for fiscal expenditure.