ABSTRACT
Doped calcium carbonate-phosphate is a biocompatible material that influence actively on the osteogenesis, bone regenerate, strengthening of bone and dental tissues including through the skin. A mechanism of the synthesis reactions of doped nanocrystalline calcium carbonate-phosphate an oscillating type of model for these reactions is proposed. The results indicate that the synthesis involves the formation of hydroxy carbonate complexes from the three calcium carbonate polymorphs (calcite, vaterite, and aragonite) in a solution of ammonium chloride and ammonium carbonate, followed by reaction with orthophosphoric acid. The formation of nanocrystalline calcium carbonate-phosphate doped with Fe2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, K+, Si4+, and Mn2+, has been studied by X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis, and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis. This ensures the preparation of a bioactive material based on octacalcium hydrogen phosphate, and calcium chloride hydroxide phosphates containing cation vacancies. Particle-size analysis data show that the materials contain nanoparticles down to 10 nm in size. Heat treatment of the doped calcium carbonate phosphates produces calcium hydroxyapatite containing cation vacancies, which can be used as a bioactive ceramic.