Probiotics are microorganisms that are believed to provide health benefits when consumed. The term probiotic is currently used to name ingested microorganisms associated with benefits for humans and animals. The term came into more common use after 1980. The introduction of the concept is generally attributed to Nobel laureate élie Metchnikoff, who postulated that yogurt-consuming Bulgarian peasants lived longer lives because of this custom. He suggested in 1907 that “the dependence of the intestinal microbes on the food makes it possible to adopt measures to modify the flora in our bodies and to replace the harmful microbes by useful microbes”. A significant expansion of the potential market for probiotics has led to higher requirements for scientific substantiation of putative benefits conferred by the microorganisms.

In the present book, fourteen typical literatures about screening of breast cancer published on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress, which contains reviews or original researches on medical science, bacteriology, microbiology, digestive system, probiotics, ect. We hope this book can demonstrate advances in Probiotic Bacteria as well as give references to the researchers, students and other related people.