Necrotizing
fasciitis (NF), also known as flesh-eating disease, is an infection that
results in the death of parts of the body's soft tissue. It is a severe disease
of sudden onset that spreads rapidly. Symptoms usually include red or purple
skin in the affected area, severe pain, fever, and vomiting. The most commonly
affected areas are the limbs and perineum. Typically, the infection enters the
body through a break in the skin such as a cut or burn. Risk factors include
poor immune function such as from diabetes or cancer, obesity, alcoholism,
intravenous drug use, and peripheral artery disease. It is not typically spread
between people. The disease is classified into four types, depending on the
infecting organism. Between 55 and 80% of cases involve more than one type of
bacteria. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is involved in up
to a third of cases. Medical imaging is often helpful to confirm the diagnosis.
Necrotizing fasciitis may be prevented with proper wound care and handwashing.
It is usually treated with surgery to remove the infected tissue, and
intravenous antibiotics. Often, a combination of antibiotics is used, such as
penicillin G, clindamycin, vancomycin, and gentamicin. Delays in surgery are
associated with a much higher risk of death. Despite high-quality treatment,
the risk of death is between 25 and 35%. Necrotizing fasciitis occurs in about
0.4 people per 100,000 per year in the US, and about 1 per 100,000 in Western
Europe. Both sexes are affected equally. It becomes more common among older
people and is rare in children. It has been described at least since the time
of Hippocrates. The term "necrotizing fasciitis" first came into use
in 1952.
Components of the Book:
- Chapter 1
Best‑practice IgM‑ and IgA‑enriched
immunoglobulin use in patients with sepsis
- Chapter 2
Identifying the fundamental structures and
processes of care contributing to emergency general surgery quality using a mixed-methods Donabedian approach
- Chapter 3
The role of leptin in selected skin diseases
- Chapter 4
Deep neck space infections: an upward trend and changing characteristics
- Chapter 5
A Multicenter Evaluation of Vancomycin-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized Patients with Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections
- Chapter 6
Time is of the essence when treating
necrotizing soft tissue infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Chapter 7
Development of a reference data set for
assigning Streptococcus and Enterococcus species based on next generation sequencing of the 16S–23S rRNA region
- Chapter 8
Clinical, microbiological, and molecular
epidemiological characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced pyogenic liver abscess
in southeastern China
- Chapter 9
Panniculitides of particular interest to the
rheumatologist
- Chapter 10
Clinical parameters and outcomes of
necrotizing soft tissue infections secondary to gastrointestinal fistulas
- Chapter 11
Comparing culture and molecular methods
for the identification of microorganisms involved in necrotizing soft tissue infections
- Chapter 12
Deep Neuromuscular Blockade Improves Laparoscopic Surgical Conditions: A Randomized, Controlled Study
- Chapter 13
Varicella infections in patients with end
stage renal disease: a systematic review
- Chapter 14
Environmental pH and peptide signaling control virulence of Streptococcus pyogenes via a quorumsensing pathway
- Chapter 15
Complete genome sequences of Streptococcus pyogenes type strain reveal 100%‑match between PacBio‑solo and Illumina‑Oxford Nanopore
hybrid assemblies
Readership:
Students, academics, teachers and other people attending or interested in Necrotizing Fasciitis
Axel Nierhaus
Dep. of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg- Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
Scott A. Strassels
Center for Surgical Health Assessment, Research, and Policy, The Ohio State
University, 395 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA
Agnieszka Baranowska-Bik
Department of Endocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Ceglowska 80, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
Jarno Velhonoja
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Kiinanmyllynkatu 4?8, 20520 Turku, Finland
M. P. Veve
College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Knoxville, TN, USA
Viktoria Akkerboom
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University
Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
and more...