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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Silica-Grafted Ionic Liquids as Recyclable Catalysts for the Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrano[c]chromenes and Pyra-no[2,3-c]pyrazoles

  AUTHORS: Khodabakhsh Niknam, Abolhassan Piran

  KEYWORDS: Silica-Grafted N-Propyl-Imidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate; Aldehydes; Pyrano[2, 3-c]-Pyrazoles; 3, 4-Dihydropyrano[c]-Chromenes; Solvent-Free, Heterogeneous Ionic Liquid Catalysts

  JOURNAL NAME: Green and Sustainable Chemistry, Vol.3 No.2A, May 17, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Silica-grafted N-propyl-imidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([Sipim]HSO4) is employed as a recyclable heterogeneous ionic liquid catalyst for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]-chromenes by the reaction of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile and 4-hydroxycoumarin at 100°C under solvent-free conditions. Also, heterogeneous ionic liquid catalyst was used for the synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]-pyrazoles by the reaction of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile and 3-methyl-l-phenyl-5-pyrazolone at 110°C under solvent-free conditions. The heterogeneous ionic liquid showed much the same efficiency when used in consecutive reaction runs.