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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Macrophage Activation Syndrome as the Primary Presentation of Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

  AUTHORS: Hanane Hajaj, Hanae Bahari, Aziza El Ouali, Ayyad Ghanam, Maria Rkain, Abdeladim Babakhouya

  KEYWORDS: Macrophage Activation Syndrome, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Child

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Pediatrics, Vol.14 No.1, January 23, 2024

  ABSTRACT: Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), in its secondary form, often complicates rheumatic diseases but rarely constitutes a mode of revelation. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that primarily affects women in adulthood. MAS is a serious condition that may be the first presentation of SLE. Here, we report the case of a 4-year-old female with MAS as the primary manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). In this case, we outline the characteristics of a complex case of SLE that was initially accompanied with MAS, and also review the literature to discuss the clinical, biological, and therapeutic aspects of this condition.