TITLE:
PID and Fuzzy Logic Control of Ball and Beam System Using Particle Swarm Optimization
AUTHORS:
Muhammad Alızada, Sıtkı Ozturk
KEYWORDS:
Ball and Beam System, PID, Fuzzy Logic, DC Servomotor, PSO
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Engineering and Technology,
Vol.11 No.4,
November
23,
2023
ABSTRACT: In this research, we carried out the modeling of the ball and beam system
(BBS) within the MATLAB/Simulink framework by applying both
proportional-integral-derivative (PID) and fuzzy logic control strategies to
govern the dynamics of this constructed model. The underlying non-linear
dynamic equations adjusting the behavior of the BBS system are based on Newton’s
second law of motion. The
physical installation of the BBS,
designed for potential real-time application, comprises a lengthy beam subject
to movement through the action of a DC servomotor, with a ball traversing the beam in a
reciprocating manner. A distance sensor is strategically placed in front of the
beam to determine the exact position of the ball. In this system, an electrical
control signal applied to the DC servomotor causes the beam to pivot about its
horizontal axis, thereby enabling the ball to move freely along the beam's
length. To avoid the risk of losing the ball equilibrium on the beam and to
achieve precise system control, a mathematical model was devised and implemented
within the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The use of the particle swarm optimization (PSO)
algorithm was aimed at tackling the task of refining and optimizing the PID
controller specifically designed for the linearized ball and beam control
system. The presented system is controlled using both PID and fuzzy logic, and
the use of the PSO algorithm enhances the system’s responsiveness efficiency.