TITLE:
Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Hypertensive Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea at CHU-B
AUTHORS:
Solange Flore Ngamami Mongo, Kivie Mou-Moue Ngolo Letomo, Arnold Sem Nguia Vel, Christian Kouala Landa, Franck Yannis Kouikani, Rogue Pattern Bakekolo, Bertrand Fikahem Ellenga Mbolla
KEYWORDS:
Hypertension, Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome, Brazzaville
JOURNAL NAME:
World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases,
Vol.13 No.10,
October
25,
2023
ABSTRACT: Objectives: To detect obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in a population
of hypertensive patients, using the Berlin questionnaire and to establish the
epidemiological and clinical profile of patients. Patients and Method: This was
a cross-sectional and analytical study, carried out from March to August 2019
at the CHU Brazzaville. Included are hypertensive patients followed as
outpatients. The diagnosis of the OSAS was based on the answers to the Berlin
questionnaire. Results: A total of 315 patients were included, including 210
women (64.9%). Prevalence of OSAS was 75.8% (n = 239). The average age of patients
with sleep apnea was 58.5 ± 12.4 years with female predominance (64.9%). In the mixed analysis, the factors
associated with (OSAS) were: occupation OR (2.56) 95% CI (1.15 - 5.69), obesity
OR 7.50 (1.60 - 35.1) and abdominal obesity OR 2.36 CI 95% (1.36 - 4.08). Living standards were high in 59 cases (18.7 per cent). The
medical history of previous hospitalization was present in 209 cases (66.3%),
diabetes 95 (30.2%), and heart failure 57 cases (18.1%). Lifestyle patterns
were: sedentary (n = 181; 57.5%) alcohol consumption (n = 97; 30.8%). On physical examination, overweight was noted
in 96 cases (30.5%) and obesity in 91 cases (28.8%). The anomalies in the
Berlin questionnaire were: snoring (n = 197; 62.5%), waking fatigue (n = 127; 40.3%), fatigue
during the day (n = 97; 30.8%). Conclusion: The prevalence of obstructive sleep
apnea syndrome is high during arterial hypertension in our setting. Hence the
need for sleep exploration through polysomnography, and prevention through the
fight against the associated risk factors.