TITLE:
Risk Factors and Complications in 947 Tuberculosis Patients Hospitalized in the Pulmonology Department of Fann Chnu from 2017 to 2019
AUTHORS:
Maïmouna Fafa Cisse, Emmanuella Mahugnon Tognimassou, Samba Niang, Fatimata Binetou Rassoule Mbaye, Khady Thiam, Yacine Dia Kane, Nafissatou Oumar Toure
KEYWORDS:
Undernutrition, Tuberculosis, Bacterial Co-Infection
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Tuberculosis Research,
Vol.10 No.4,
November
18,
2022
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Despite current progress, tuberculosis remains a major public health
problem, given its still high incidence, prevalence, and mortality,
particularly in sub-Saharan African countries, including Senegal. This risk is
higher for immunocompromised people. Complications and comorbidities can also
affect the course of the disease, affecting the prognosis. It is in this
context that this study was undertaken with the objective of determining the
risk factors and complications in patients hospitalized for tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective and descriptive study
carried out in 2021, from records of patients hospitalized for tuberculosis
from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019, at the Pulmonology Department of
Fann. Inclusion criteria were all patients on TB treatment after diagnosis of
tuberculosis has been confirmed bacteriologically or clinically according to
the World Health Organization’s TB
case definition. Multidrug-resistant TB was excluded. Results: Out of
4516 hospitalized patients, 20.96% of patients were tuberculosis patients. The
sex ratio was 2.18. 4/5 of the patients were between 18 and 39 years old. The
main contributing factors of TB found were undernutrition (93.13%), active
smoking (36.75%) and diabetes (35.97%). The time between hospitalization and
onset of symptoms was greater than 2 months in 60.53% of cases. A complication
was noted in 89.10% of patients, particularly bacterial/viral bronchopulmonary
co-infection (31.15%). The trend was favorable in 88.49% of cases. It resulted
in death in 10.98% of cases. Conclusion: Most integrated-care
nutritional support programs focus on HIV. Undernutrition appears to play a
much more important role than HIV in the extent of TB in poor countries. It creates a vicious circle with tuberculosis, one of
the components of which is immunosuppression and the increased frequency of
complications such as bacterial/viral
community/nosocomial co-infection, the actual incidence of which is
poorly known and deserves special attention given the importance of added
morbidity and mortality.