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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Computational and Experimental Approaches for Evaluating Dose under a Block in TBI Geometry

  AUTHORS: Laura Russell, Jussi Sillanpaa

  KEYWORDS: Total Body Irradiation, AAA, Acuros XB, ICD, Dose under Block

  JOURNAL NAME: International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology, Vol.11 No.1, February 28, 2022

  ABSTRACT: Total Body Irradiation (TBI) patients are often treated at extended distances of several meters, with blocking made from high-Z materials placed close to the patients’ skin. Evaluating the dose under a block (e.g., for implanted medical device shielding purposes) in such a geometry is challenging. We compare the performance of two commonly used dose calculation algorithms, Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA) and Acuros XB, with Optically Stimulated Lumine- scence (OSLD) and ion chamber measurements in phantoms. The calculations and phantom measurements are also compared with in-vivo OSLD measure- ments. We find that OSLD and ion chamber measurements in phantom are good predictors of in-vivo measurements, while both AAA and Acuros XB sys- tematically overestimate the block transmission. We found Acuros XB to be accurate enough for a rough upper estimate (dose under block overestimated by 7% - 22%), while for AAA the overestimate was more severe (90% - 110%); the reason is that AAA does not account for the increase in pair production cro- ss-section in high-Z materials.