TITLE:
Pulmonary Complications in Children with Sickle Cell Disease Followed at the Pediatric Department of Gabriel Toure University Hospital
AUTHORS:
Mohamed E. Cissé, Abdoul A. Diakité, Adama Dembélé, Belco Maiga, Pierre Togo, Nicole A. Kpakoutou, Oumar Coulibaly, Karamoko Sacko, Tiaria M. Sanogo, Hawa Diall, Fousseyni Traoré, Abdoul K. Doumbia, Djenèba Konaté, Fatoumata L. Diakité, Ibrahim Ahamadou, Lalla N. Sidibé, Amadou Touré, Fatoumata Dicko-Traoré, Boubacar Togo, Mariam Sylla
KEYWORDS:
Sickle Cell Disease, Children, Lungs, Complications
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pediatrics,
Vol.12 No.1,
February
21,
2022
ABSTRACT: Objective: To study the pulmonary complications of major sickle cell syndromes in
children aged 6 months to 15 years followed at the Department of Pediatrics of
Gabriel Toure University Hospital. Materials and methods: This was a
retrospective study from January 1st, 2017 to February 28, 2018 and
a prospective study from March 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019, concerning sickle
cell disease children followed at the Gabriel Touré University Hospital. All
children with sickle cell disease confirmed by hemoglobin electrophoresis, aged
6 months to 15 years with a pulmonary complication and admitted to pediatrics
were included. Were not included: 1) Infants and children with sickle cell
disease not presenting a pulmonary complication coming only to their routine
follow-up. 2) Sickle cell patients over 16
years of age and those whose parents do not consent. 3) Those who have not done
electrophoresis. Results: During the study period, we were able to
include 45 sickle cell children with a pulmonary complication. The frequency of
pulmonary complications was 13.76%, involving homozygotes in 91.11% of cases.
The age group 6 - 10 years predominated with 46.66% and the sex ratio
was 0.45. Vaso-occlusive crisis was the most frequent reason for consultation
with 35.56%. Respiratory distress (80%), fever (66.67%), crepitus rales
(64.44%) and chest pain (60%) were the most frequent clinical signs. The main
pulmonary complication was acute chest syndrome with 86.67%. Treatment was
based on hydration (91.91%), analgesics (91.91%) and antibiotics (73.33%).
Lethality was 4.44%. Conclusion: Pulmonary complications of sickle cell
disease are serious and constitute the main cause of mortality in our context.