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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Endoscopic Surgical Procedures for Fungal Maxillary Sinusitis: How to Do It, a Review

  AUTHORS: Motohiro Sawatsubashi

  KEYWORDS: Fungal Rhinosinusitis, Sinus Fungal Ball, Sinus Mycelia, Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

  JOURNAL NAME: International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Vol.7 No.5, September 3, 2018

  ABSTRACT: Fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) is categorized as being either invasive or non-invasive based on the histopathological evidence of tissue invasion by fungi. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has become the gold standard treatment for non-invasive FRS including sinus fungal ball. It is considered to be an effective and safe procedure. It is important to keep a sufficient field of view in order to remove the fungal debris completely. ESS should also prevent damage to the nasal cavity structures including the inferior turbinate. This report mainly describes the endoscopic surgical procedures for fungal ball of the maxillary sinus (sinus mycelia) based on our methods and review of the literature, including written articles in Japanese. ESS procedures include the middle meatus approach for the maxillary sinus, the combined approach (both middle and inferior meatal antrostomy) for the maxillary sinus, and endoscopic modified medial maxillectomy (EMMM).